Liu Wenhui
| Liu Wenhui 刘文辉 |
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|---|---|
Liu Wenhui
|
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| Governor of Sichuan | |
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In office Mar 1929 – 21 Dec 1934 |
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| Succeeded by | Liu Xiang (warlord) |
| Governor of Xikang | |
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In office 29 Dec 1934 – 9 Dec 1949 |
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| Succeeded by | He Guoguang (Ho Kuo-kuang) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1895 Dayi County, Sichuan |
| Died | 24 June 1976 Beijing |
| Nationality | Han Chinese |
| Political party | Kuomintang |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |
 China
|
| Years of service | 1928–1949 |
| Rank | general |
| Commands | Chairman of Xikang Provincial Government |
| Battles/wars | Sino-Tibetan War, Second Sino-Japanese War, Chinese Civil War |
Liu Wenhui (simplified Chinese: 刘文辉; traditional Chinese: 劉文輝; pinyin: Liú Wénhuī; 1895–24 June 1976) was one of the warlords of Sichuan province during China's Warlord era. Liu who rose to prominence in Sichuan in the 1920s and 1930s, came from a peasant family. At the beginning of his career, he was aligned with the Kuomintang (KMT), commanding the Sichuan-Xikang Defence Force from 1927 to 1929. The western part of Sichuan province was then known as Xikang. Bordering Tibet, the region had a mixed population of Tibetans and Han Chinese.
Liu was then made Chairman of the Government of Sichuan Province from 1929, but his relationship with Chiang Kai-shek was unstable as was the province he governed. Sichuan was in the hands of Liu and four other warlords: Liu Xiang, Yang Sen, Deng Xihou, and Tian Songyao. No one warlord had enough power to take on all the others at once, so many small battles occurred, pitting one warlord against another. Large conflicts seldom developed, plotting and skirmishing characterized the Sichuanese political scene, and ephemeral coalitions and counter coalitions emerged and vanished with equal rapidity.
In May 1930 his province was invaded by the army of Tibet. With the province locked in internal struggles, no reinforcements were sent to support the Sichuan troops stationed in Xikang. As a result, the Tibetan army captured, without encountering much resistance, Garze and Xinlong (Zhanhua). When a negotiated ceasefire failed, Tibet expanded the war attempting to capture parts of southern Qinghai province. In March 1932 their force invaded Qinghai but was defeated by the Qinghai warlord Ma Bufang in July, routing the Tibetan army and driving it back to Xikang. The Qinghai army captured counties that had fallen into the hands of the Tibetan army since 1919. The victory on the part of the Qinghai army threatened the supply lines to the Tibetan forces in Garze and Xinlong. As a result, this part of the Tibetan army was forced to withdraw. In 1932 Liu in cooperation with the Qinghai army, sent out a brigade, to attack the Tibetan troops in Garze and Xinlong, eventually occupying them, Dege and other counties east of the Jinsha River.
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