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Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic

Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
Литовская Советская Социалистическая Республик
Lietuvos Tarybų Socialistinė Respublika
Unrecognized Soviet Socialist Republic
(1940–1941, 1944–1990/91)
De facto sovereign entity (1989–90)
1940–1941
1944–1990/91


Top flag (1953–1988)
Bottom flag (1988-1990)
State emblem (1978–1988)
Motto
Visų šalių proletarai, vienykitės! (Lithuanian)
"Workers of the world, unite!"
Anthem
Anthem of the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
Location of the Lithuanian SSR within the Soviet Union.
Capital Vilnius
Languages Official languages:
Lithuanian · Russian
Minority languages:
Latvian
Demonym Lithuanian
Soviet
Government Unitary Marxist-Leninist one-party Soviet socialist republic
First Secretary
 •  1944–1974 Antanas Sniečkus
 •  1988–1990 Algirdas Brazauskas
Chairman of the Supreme Council
 •  1990–1991 Vytautas Landsbergis
Historical era World War II · Cold War
 •  Soviet occupation 16 June 1940
 •  SSR established 21 July 1940
 •  Illegally annexed by USSR, Lithuania continued de jure 3 August 1940
 •  Nazi occupation 1941
 •  Soviet re-occupation
SSR re-established
1944
 •  Singing Revolution 1988
 •  Sovereignty declared 18 May 1989
 •  Restoration of Independence declared 11 March 1990
 •  Independence recognized 6 September 1991
Area
 •  1989 65,200 km² (25,174 sq mi)
Population
 •  1989 est. 3,689,779 
     Density 56.6 /km²  (146.6 /sq mi)
Calling code +7 012
Today part of  Lithuania

The Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (Lithuanian SSR; Lithuanian: Lietuvos Tarybų Socialistinė Respublika; Russian: Литовская Советская Социалистическая Республика, Litovskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), also known as Soviet Lithuania or Lithuania was a republic of the Soviet Union. It existed from 1940 to 1990.

Established on 21 July 1940 as a puppet state, during World War II in the territory of the previously independent Republic of Lithuania after it had been occupied by the Soviet army on 16 June 1940, in conformity with the terms of the 23 August 1939 Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact.

Between 1941 and 1944, the German invasion of the Soviet Union caused its de facto dissolution. However, with the retreat of the Germans in 1944–1945, Soviet hegemony was re-established, and existed for fifty years. As a result, many western countries (including the United States) continue to recognize Lithuania as an independent, sovereign de jure state subject to international law represented by the legations appointed by the pre-1940 Baltic states which functioned in various places through the Lithuanian Diplomatic Service.

On 18 May 1989, the Lithuanian SSR declared state sovereignty within its borders during perestroika. On 11 March 1990, the Republic of Lithuania was declared to be re-established as an independent state and the declaration (while considered illegal by the Soviet authorities) was recognized immediately prior to the breakup of the Soviet Union. Soviet Union itself recognized Lithuanian independence on 6 September 1991.


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