Vytautas Landsbergis
| Vytautas Landsbergis | |
|---|---|
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| Chairman of the Supreme Council of Lithuania (de jure Head of State) | |
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In office 11 March 1990 – 25 November 1992 |
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| Preceded by | Post created |
| Succeeded by | Algirdas Brazauskas (as the Speaker of the Seimas and acting President of Lithuania) |
| Speaker of the Seimas | |
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In office 25 November 1996 – 19 October 2000 |
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| Preceded by | Česlovas Juršėnas |
| Succeeded by | Artūras Paulauskas |
| Chairman of the Homeland Union | |
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In office 1 May 1993 – 24 May 2003 |
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| Preceded by | Post created |
| Succeeded by | Andrius Kubilius |
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Member of the European Parliament for Lithuania |
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In office 2004–2014 |
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| Personal details | |
| Born |
18 October 1932 Kaunas, Lithuania |
| Political party | Homeland Union |
| Spouse(s) | Gražina Ručytė-Landsbergienė |
| Religion | Lutheran |
| Signature |  |
Professor Vytautas Landsbergis [ˈvʲîːt̪ɐʊt̪ɐs̪ ˈɫɐ̂ˑn̪ʲd͡zʲbʲɛrʲɡʲɪs̪] (born 18 October 1932) is a Lithuanian conservative politician and Member of the European Parliament. He was the first head of state of Lithuania after its independence declaration from the Soviet Union, and served as the Head of the Lithuanian Parliament Seimas. Professor Landsbergis is an intellectual who has been active in Lithuania's political arena for more than two decades, and is a notable politician who helped contribute to the demise of the Soviet Union. He has written twenty books on a variety of topics, including a biography of Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis, as well as works on politics and music. He is a founding signatory of the Prague Declaration on European Conscience and Communism, and a member of the international advisory council of the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation.
Vytautas Landsbergis was born in Kaunas, Lithuania. His father was the famous architect Vytautas Landsbergis-Žemkalnis and his mother, ophthalmologist Dr. Ona Jablonskytė-Landsbergienė in 1944 sheltered a Jewish teenager in the family home. For this act she was awarded the title of a Righteous Among the Nations by Israel. In 1952 he placed third in the Lithuanian chess championship, after Ratmir Kholmov and Vladas Mikėnas. In 1955, he graduated from the Lithuanian Conservatory of Music (now Lithuanian Academy of Music and Theatre). In 1969, he wrote his thesis for his PhD degree. In 1978, he became a Professor at the Lithuanian Conservatory. From 1978 to 1990, he was a professor at both the Lithuanian Conservatory and the Vilnius Pedagogical University. In 1994, he wrote a thesis for his doctor habilitus degree.
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