List of political parties in Iran

After the banning of the last three Opposition parties in 1983, parties and candidates usually have operated in loose alignments within two main coalitions, the conservative (osool-garayan) and the reformist (eslah-talaban) both of them coming from the former single-party Islamic Republic Party.

Only Islamist parties can legally operate inside Iran.

These parties are banned as they are accused to be spies, but their members have not been persecuted. They are sometimes allowed to stand in elections although with heavy restrictions.

These parties are banned as they are accused to be spies and work against Islam, and their members have been killed in large numbers.

Only candidates and parties that do not oppose the religious system of the governance (Velayate faqih) can participate in elections in the Islamic Republic of Iran. This is enforced by the clerical Guardian Council which vets candidates.

Offices open to election on a national level in the Islamic Republic include, the president, the parliament (or Majlis), and an Assembly of Experts (which elects the Supreme Leader of Iran).

These parties can operate inside the Islamic regime. Until 2010 two groupings functioned: the Conservatives (extremist and ultra-religious right-wing parties) and the Reformists (moderate religious right-wing parties). As of 2017^[update] only the Conservative parties can carry out political and cultural activities inside Iran. The Reformists have turned into "Moderates" so as to continue their activities without being arrested. The "Moderates" (Eetedal-garayan) have yet to launch their political parties.

About 64 Iranian political parties operate outside Iran.

Only these are active (they hold congresses annually or biannually, have newspapers, have an official website, have more than five hundred members in several countries around the world and are not limited to a particular ethnical group) :

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