List of lighthouses in Gibraltar
Most of the lighthouses in Gibraltar, the British Overseas Territory on the Iberian Peninsula, are located at Gibraltar Harbour. Perhaps the most notable exception is the Europa Point Lighthouse at Europa Point, a strategic location at the southern tip of the peninsula of Gibraltar. Prior to the opening of that lighthouse in 1841, sailors navigating the Strait of Gibraltar near Europa Point were dependent upon the light emitted by the Shrine of Our Lady of Europe. The sailors showed their gratitude and encouraged continued burning of the lights in the chapel and adjacent tower by leaving supplies of oil at the Roman Catholic shrine. While the shrine's tower is not listed in nautical publications, its history as an aid to navigation in earlier centuries is sufficiently well known that many consider it "Gibraltar's first lighthouse."
Aside from the aerobeacon on the Rock of Gibraltar and the lighthouse at Europa Point, all of the lighthouses in Gibraltar are located within the harbour. They may be divided into two groups: west and east. Those on the western boundary of the port are positioned in a roughly linear arrangement on the breakwaters (moles) that defend the western and northern sides of the harbour. The lighthouses at the "A" Head of the South Mole and "B" Head of the Detached Mole stand sentry over the south entrance to the port. Those at the "C" Head of the Detached Mole and "D" Head of the Western Arm of the North Mole guard the north entrance to the port. The lighthouse at the "E" Head (Elbow) of the North Mole also serves as a harbour control room. Lighthouses on the eastern boundary of the port are clustered near Coaling Island. While the Europa Point Lighthouse, also known as Victoria Tower, opened in the mid nineteenth century, the remaining lighthouses are of more recent vintage, with the lighthouses on the moles present by 1916. In addition, while Victoria Tower is of classic British design, the other lighthouses have a more utilitarian appearance.
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