Li Dingguo
| Li Dingguo (李定国) |
|
|---|---|
| Born | 1621 Shaanxi, China |
| Died | 1662 (aged 41) Yunnan, China |
| Occupation | Military leader |
| Title | Prince of Xining (西寧王, 1650) Prince of Jin (晋王, 1656) |
Li Dingguo (Chinese: 李定国; pinyin: Lǐ Dìngguó, Wade-Giles: Li Ting-kuo) (1621 – 1662) was one of the military generals who fought for the so-called Southern Ming Dynasty against the Manchu-ruled Qing Dynasty.
Li was an adopted son of the rebel leader Zhang Xianzhong, and was appointed a general in Zhang's army with the title General Pacifier of the West (安西將軍). After Zhang's death in 1646, he and other generals of Zhang's, including Sun Kewang (孫可望), held out in Guizhou, then took over Chongqing in Sichuan, then south through Zunyi to take Guiyang in Guizhou in 1647.
Li had tried to form a Han Chinese united front that included Ming forces and rebels against the Manchu invasion, and became the most important military commander of the Yongli Emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty. He and Sun Kewang first aided Ming royalists by suppressing a rebellion in Yunnan in 1648, they then made strikes to stop the advance of the Qing army in Sichuan and Huguang.
In 1652 he led a list of successful campaigns in southern Huguang and eastern Guangxi. His troops took the city of Guilin, and the Qing's chief general Kong Youde committed suicide at the defeat. Li also occupied Hengzhou while his forces ambushed and killed the Manchu prince Nikan. But by 1653, he was forced to withdraw to northern Guangdong. In 1654 he attempted to take Xinhui, but was defeated and had to withdraw to Nanning in 1655. In 1656 he escorted Yongli from Anlong to Yunnanfu where the emperor set up an administration. Li was awarded with the title "Prince of Jin" (晋王, Jin Wang).
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