Levamisole
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| Clinical data | |
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| Trade names | Ergamisol |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information |
| MedlinePlus | a697011 |
| Routes of administration |
By mouth |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Metabolism | Liver |
| Biological half-life | 3–4 hours |
| Excretion | Urine (70%) |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.035.290 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C11H12N2S |
| Molar mass | 204.292 g/mol |
| 3D model (Jmol) | |
| Density | 1.31 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 60 °C (140 °F) |
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Levamisole, sold under the trade name Ergamisol among others, is a medication used to treat parasitic worm infections. Specifically it is used for ascariasis and hookworm infections. It is taken by mouth.
Side effects may include abdominal pain, vomiting, headache, and dizziness. Use is not recommended during breastfeeding or the third trimester of pregnancy. Serious side effects may include an increased risk of infection. It belongs to the antihelmintic class of medications.
Levamisole was discovered in 1966. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 0.18 to 0.33 USD for a course of treatment. It is not commercially available in the United States. Levamisole is also used as a dewormer for .
Levamisole was originally used as an anthelmintic to treat worm infestations in both humans and animals. Levamisole works as a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist that causes continued stimulation of the parasitic worm muscles, leading to paralysis. In countries that still permit the use of levamisole, the recommended dose for anthelmintic therapy is a single dose, with a repeated dose 7 days later if needed for a severe hookworm infection. Most current commercial preparations are intended for veterinary use as a dewormer in cattle, pigs, and sheep. However, levamisole has also recently gained prominence among aquarists as an effective treatment for Camallanus roundworm infestations in freshwater tropical fish.
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Wikipedia