Lee Ross
| Lee Ross | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1942 Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
| Nationality | American |
| Fields | Psychology |
| Institutions | Stanford University |
| Alma mater | Columbia University |
| Known for |
fundamental attribution error attitude polarization false consensus effect false polarization effect hostile media effect belief perseverance naïve realism (psychology) |
| Influences | Stanley Schachter, Mark Lepper |
| Influenced | cognitive psychology, social psychology |
Lee David Ross (born 1942) is a professor of social psychology at Stanford University. Ross is an influential social psychologist who has studied attribution theory, attributional biases, decision making and conflict resolution, often with longtime collaborator Mark Lepper. Ross is known for his investigations of the fundamental attribution error, and for identifications and analyses of such psychological phenomena as attitude polarization, reactive devaluation, belief perseverance, the false consensus effect, naive realism, and the hostile media effect. Instead of limiting his research to a laboratory, Ross had a wide variety of interest in global issues such as climate change and the legal system.
Ross was born in Toronto, Ontario. He earned his Ph.D. in social psychology at Columbia University in 1969 under the supervision of Stanley Schachter.
Ross first coined the term "fundamental attribution error" to describe the finding that people are predisposed towards attributing another person's behavior to individual characteristics and attitudes, even when it is relatively clear that the person's behavior was a result of situational demands (Ross, 1977; note that this effect is identical with the "correspondence bias" identified in Jones & Davis, 1965). With Robert Vallone and Mark Lepper he authored the first study to describe the hostile media effect. He has also collaborated with Richard Nisbett in books on human judgment (Nisbett & Ross, 1980) and the relation between social situations and personality (i.e. "the person and the situation"; Ross & Nisbett, 1991). He is the coauthor (with Richard Nisbett) of the books "Human Inference" and "The Person and Situation" as well as nearly 100 journal articles and book chapters. "The Person and the Situation: Perspectives of Social Psychology" considers the way we make judgements, the way we stress in particular errors and different biases of human behavior. It was one of the most significant books on social inference in 1980.
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