Lauric acid
 |
|
 |
|
| Names | |
|---|---|
|
IUPAC name
Dodecanoic acid
|
|
| Other names
n-Dodecanoic acid, Dodecylic acid, Dodecoic acid, Laurostearic acid, Vulvic acid, 1-Undecanecarboxylic acid, Duodecylic acid, C12:0 (Lipid numbers)
|
|
| Identifiers | |
143-07-7 
|
|
| 3D model (Jmol) | Interactive image |
| ChEBI |
CHEBI:30805 
|
| ChEMBL |
ChEMBL108766
|
| ChemSpider |
3756
|
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.005.075 |
| EC Number | 205-582-1 |
| 5534 | |
| PubChem | 3893 |
|
|
|
|
| Properties | |
| C12H24O2 | |
| Molar mass | 200.32 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | White powder |
| Odor | Slight odor of bay oil |
| Density | 1.007 g/cm3 (24 °C) 0.8744 g/cm3 (41.5 °C) 0.8679 g/cm3 (50 °C) |
| Melting point | 43.8 °C (110.8 °F; 316.9 K) |
| Boiling point | 297.9 °C (568.2 °F; 571.0 K) 282.5 °C (540.5 °F; 555.6 K) at 512 mmHg 225.1 °C (437.2 °F; 498.2 K) at 100 mmHg |
| 37 mg/L (0 °C) 55 mg/L (20 °C) 63 mg/L (30 °C) 72 mg/L (45 °C) 83 mg/L (100 °C) |
|
| Solubility | Soluble in alcohols, (C2H5)2O, phenyls, haloalkanes, acetates |
| Solubility in methanol | 12.7 g/100 g (0 °C) 120 g/100 g (20 °C) 2250 g/100 g (40 °C) |
| Solubility in acetone | 8.95 g/100 g (0 °C) 60.5 g/100 g (20 °C) 1590 g/100 g (40 °C) |
| Solubility in ethyl acetate | 9.4 g/100 g (0 °C) 52 g/100 g (20 °C) 1250 g/100 g (40 °C) |
| Solubility in toluene | 15.3 g/100 g (0 °C) 97 g/100 g (20 °C) 1410 g/100 g (40 °C) |
| log P | 4.6 |
| Vapor pressure | 2.13·10−6 kPa (25 °C) 0.42 kPa (150 °C) 6.67 kPa (210 °C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 5.3 (20 °C) |
| Thermal conductivity | 0.442 W/m·K (solid) 0.1921 W/m·K (72.5 °C) 0.1748 W/m·K (106 °C) |
|
Refractive index (nD)
|
1.423 (70 °C) 1.4183 (82 °C) |
| Viscosity | 6.88 cP (50 °C) 5.37 cP (60 °C) |
| Structure | |
|
Monoclinic (α-form) Triclinic, aP228 (γ-form) |
|
| P21/a, No. 14 (α-form) P1, No. 2 (γ-form) |
|
| 2/m (α-form) 1 (γ-form) |
|
|
a = 9.524 Å, b = 4.965 Å, c = 35.39 Å (α-form)
α = 90°, β = 129.22°, γ = 90°
|
|
| Thermochemistry | |
| 404.28 J/mol·K | |
|
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
−775.6 kJ/mol |
|
Std enthalpy of
combustion (ΔcH |
7377 kJ/mol 7425.8 kJ/mol (292 K) |
| Hazards | |
| GHS pictograms |  |
| GHS signal word | Danger |
| H412 | |
| P273 | |
|
EU classification (DSD)
|
 Xi |
| R-phrases | R36/38 |
| S-phrases | S24/25, S26, S36/39 |
| NFPA 704 | |
| Flash point | > 113 °C (235 °F; 386 K) |
| Related compounds | |
|
Related compounds
|
Glyceryl laurate |
|
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
|
|
 (what is ?) |
|
| Infobox references | |
Lauric acid or systematically, dodecanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid with a 12-carbon atom chain, thus falling into the medium chain fatty acids, is a white, powdery solid with a faint odor of baby oil or soap. The salts and esters of lauric acid are known as laurates.
Lauric acid, as a component of triglycerides, comprises about half of the fatty acid content in coconut milk, coconut oil, laurel oil, and palm kernel oil (not to be confused with palm oil), Otherwise, it is relatively uncommon. It is also found in human breast milk (6.2% of total fat), cow's milk (2.9%), and goat's milk (3.1%).
Like many other fatty acids, lauric acid is inexpensive, has a long shelf-life, is non-toxic and is safe to handle. It is used mainly for the production of soaps and cosmetics. For these purposes, lauric acid is reacted with sodium hydroxide to give sodium laurate, which is a soap. Most commonly, sodium laurate is obtained by saponification of various oils, such as coconut oil. These precursors give mixtures of sodium laurate and other soaps.
In the laboratory, lauric acid may be used to investigate the molar mass of an unknown substance via the freezing-point depression. The choice of lauric acid is convenient because the melting point of the pure compound is relatively high (43.8 °C). Its cryoscopic constant is 3.9 °C·kg/mol. By melting lauric acid with the unknown substance, allowing it to cool, and recording the temperature at which the mixture freezes, the molar mass of the unknown compound may be determined.
...
Wikipedia