Kostolac
|
Kostolac Костолац |
|
|---|---|
| Town and municipality | |
 Kostolac
|
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| Coordinates: 44°43′N 21°10′E / 44.717°N 21.167°ECoordinates: 44°43′N 21°10′E / 44.717°N 21.167°E | |
| Country |
 Serbia
|
| Region | Southern and Eastern Serbia |
| District | Braničevo |
| City | Požarevac |
| Government | |
| • Municipality president | Vladimir Vila (SPS) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 13,637 |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) |
| Postal code | 12208 |
| Area code(s) | +381 12 |
| Vehicle registration | PO |
| Website | www |
Kostolac (Serbian Cyrillic: Костолац; Romanian: Caştelu) is a town and urban municipality located in the Braničevo District of the eastern Serbia, as part of the city of Požarevac. It is situated on the Danube river. The remains of the Roman capital of the province of Moesia Superior Viminacium are located near Stari Kostolac some 2 km to the east of Kostolac. Kostolac town is center of the municipality of Kostolac, which is one of the two municipalities of the City of Požarevac. Kostolac is also a center of area called Stig and home of thermo-power plants and coal mines.
A 1,5 million year old mammoth skeleton was uncovered in the Viminacium site in June 2009.
The tribes of Autariatae and Scordisci are thought to have merged into one in this area after 313BC, since excavations show that the two groups made burials at the same exact grave field in Pecine, near Kostolac. Nine graves of Autariatae dating to 4th century BC and scattered Autariatae and Celtic graves around these earlier graves show that the two groups mixed rather than made war and this resulted in the lower Morava valley becoming a Celto-Thracio-Illyrian interaction zone.The Celtic Invasions of Greece in 279 BC formed the sub-Celtic group of Scordisci who would according to Strabo, defeat and push the powerful Triballians towards the Getae, the Scordisci self-rule in different regions of Serbia gradually ended with the Roman conquest of the Balkans in the 1st century AD.
Viminacium, a major city of the Roman province of Moesia, and the capital of Moesia Superior was situated 20 km east to the present centre, in the area of Stari Kostolac (Old Kostolac). Viminacium was the base camp of Legio VII Claudia, and hosted for some time the IV Flavia Felix. It was destroyed in 440 by the Huns, but rebuilt by Justinian I. During Maurice's Balkan campaigns, Viminacium saw destruction by the Avars in 584 and a crushing defeat of Avar forces on the northern Danube bank in 599, destroying Avar reputation for invincibility.
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