Komsomolske (Makhnovka) Village
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Makhnivka (Komsomolske) Махнівка |
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 Makhnivka (Komsomolske)
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| Coordinates: 49°43′N 28°40′E / 49.717°N 28.667°E | |
| Country | Ukraine |
| Province | Vinnytsia Oblast |
| Raion | Koziatyn Raion |
| Founded | 1410 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 5.15 km2 (1.99 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 225 m (738 ft) |
| Population (2001) | |
| • Total | 3,467 |
| • Density | 673.2/km2 (1,744/sq mi) |
| Zip Code | 22133 |
Makhnivka (Komsomolske) (Yiddish: מאכניווקא Makhnivka; Ukrainian: Махнівка Russian: Комсомольское (Махновка)) is a village in the Koziatyn Raion of the Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine, located on the west bank of the Gnylopiat River. The town is near a wide spot in the river, where several small streams feed into it from both sides.
Makhnivka is in western Ukraine, 21 kilometres (13 mi) south-southeast of Berdychiv and 154 km (96 mi) southwest of Kyiv. Coordinates: 49°43′N 28°40′E / 49.717°N 28.667°E
The name of the town was changed entirely in 1935 to Komsomol's'ke (or Komsomolskoye), which was a very common town name during the Soviet era (meaning something like "young communist league town"). In 2001, the village council elected to return the town to its historic name of Makhnivka.
The region of western Ukraine was part of the Crown lands of Poland. The first mention of Jews in Makhnivka came in 1648, in an account from the Cossack-Polish War (1648–57), when Chmielnicki's Cossacks attacked the local fortress and murdered a number of Poles and Jews. Over 100 years later, in 1765, six Jews are recorded in Makhnivka.
Upon the Partition of Poland (c. 1793), territories including western Ukraine were annexed into the Russian Empire. Orthodox Tsarist Russia, which was intolerant of Jews, suddenly acquired a significant Jewish population in the territories annexed from Catholic Poland. As a result, the Pale of Settlement was created, generally restricting Jews to living in the new territories, but not in "Russia proper". Jews during this period had a generally harder time, at best being isolated, and at worst being visited with pogroms. In the census of 1897, the village of Makhnivka had 2,435 Jews out of a total population of 5,343 (about 45%).
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