Kilo-class submarine

Russian Black Sea Fleet's B-265 Krasnodar Improved Kilo-class submarine on the eve of Submariner Day.
Class overview
Builders:	Central Design Bureau for Marine Engineering "Rubin" Shipyard 199 "Krasnoe Sormovo", Nizhniy Novgorod (Gorkiy) Shipyard 112,"imeni Leninskogo Komsomola", Komsoloľsk na Amure Shipyard "Leningradskoe Admiralteyskoe Obedinenie" (Admiralteyskie Verfi), Saint Petersburg (Leningrad) Shipyard "Severnoe Mašinostroiteľnoe Predprijatie", Severodvinsk
Operators:	Soviet Navy  Russian Navy  People's Liberation Army Navy  Indian Navy  Islamic Republic of Iran Navy  Polish Navy  Romanian Naval Forces  Algerian National Navy  Vietnam People's Navy
Preceded by:	Tango class
Succeeded by:	Lada class
In commission:	December 1980
Building:	3
Completed:	62
Active:	53
Retired:	2
General characteristics
Displacement:	Surfaced: 2,300–2,350 tons Submerged: 3,000-3,950 tons full load
Length:	70.0–74.0 m (229 ft 8 in–242 ft 9 in)
Beam:	9.9 m (32 ft 6 in)
Draft:	6.5 m (21 ft 4 in)
Installed power:	Diesel-electric
Propulsion:	Diesel-electric propulsion 2 × 1000 kW Diesel generators 1 × 5,500–6,800 shp (4,100–5,100 kW) Propulsion motor 1 × fixed-pitch 6 or 7 bladed propeller (6BL project 877) (7BL project 636)
Speed:	Surfaced: 10–12 knots (19–22 km/h; 12–14 mph) Submerged: 17–25 knots (31–46 km/h; 20–29 mph)
Range:	With snorkel: 6,000–7,500 nmi (11,100–13,900 km; 6,900–8,600 mi) at 7 kn (13 km/h; 8.1 mph) Submerged: 400 nmi (740 km; 460 mi) at 3 kn (5.6 km/h; 3.5 mph) Full run: 12.7 nmi (23.5 km; 14.6 mi) at 21 kn (39 km/h; 24 mph)
Endurance:	45 days
Test depth:	Operational: 240 m (790 ft) Maximum: 300 m (980 ft)
Complement:	52
Armament:	6 x 533 mm (21 in) torpedo tubes 18 torpedoes Kalibr / Club land-attack cruise missile, anti-ship missile and anti-submarine missile (some versions) 24 mines 8 9K34 Strela-3 (SA-N-8 Gremlin) or 8 9K310 Igla-1 (SA-N-10 Gimlet) Surface-to-air missiles (export submarines may not be equipped with air defense weapons)

The Kilo class is the NATO reporting name for a naval diesel-electric submarine that is made in Russia. The original version of the vessels were designated Project 877 Paltus (Halibut) in Soviet Union. There is also a more advanced version, designated as Improved Kilo-class submarine in the West, and Project 636 Varshavyanka in Russia.

These attack submarines are mainly intended for anti-shipping and anti-submarine operations in relatively shallow waters. Original Project 877 boats are equipped with Rubikon MGK-400 sonar system (with NATO reporting name Shark Gill), which includes a mine detection and avoidance sonar MG-519 Arfa (with NATO reporting name Mouse Roar).

Newer Project 636 boats are equipped with improved MGK-400EM, with MG-519 Arfa also upgraded to MG-519EM. The improved sonar systems have reduced the number of operators needed by sharing the same console via automation.

Anechoic tiles are fitted on casings and fins to absorb the sound waves of active sonar, which results in a reduction and distortion of the return signal. These tiles also help attenuate sounds that are emitted from the submarine, thus reducing the range at which the sub may be detected by passive sonar.

The Kilo class was to have been succeeded by the Lada class. In November 2011, the Russian Navy announced that the Lada class will not enter service because trials with the lead boat of the new class, Sankt Peterburg (B-585) had shown major deficiencies. Construction of two further boats was suspended.

On 27 July 2012, the Russian Navy commander-in-chief announced that construction of the Lada-class submarines will resume, having undergone design changes.

One Kilo-class submarine, B-871, was equipped with pump-jet propulsion.