Kibbutz Movement

The Kibbutz Movement (Hebrew: התנועה הקיבוצית‎‎, HaTenoa'a HaKibbutzit) is the largest settlement movement for kibbutzim in Israel. It was formed in 1999 by a partial merger of the United Kibbutz Movement and Kibbutz Artzi and is made up of approximately 230 kibbutzim.

The United Kibbutz Movement (Hebrew: התנועה הקבוצית המאוחדת‎, HaTenua'a HaKibbutzit HaMeuhedet), also known by its Hebrew acronym Hatkam (התק"ם‎), was founded in 1981 and was largely aligned with the Israeli Labour Party and its predecessors. It had been formed by a merger itself, when HaKibbutz HaMeuhad and Ihud HaKvutzot VeHaKibbutzim came together. Consequently, their respective youth movements merged into the Habonim Dror youth movement.

HaKibbutz HaMeuhad (Hebrew: הקיבוץ המאוחד‎, lit. The United Kibbutz) had been formed in 1927 by the union of several kibbutz bodies and was associated with the Poale Zion and later Ahdut HaAvoda parties and was aligned with the Habonim youth movement.

Ihud HaKvutzot VeHaKibbutzim (Hebrew: איחוד הקבוצות והקיבוצים‎, lit. Union of the Kvutzot and the Kibbutzim) had been formed in 1951 by the union of Hever HaKvutzot (חבר הקבוצות‎, lit. Group of the Kvutzot) and Ihud HaKibbutzim (איחוד הקיבוצים‎, lit. Union of the Kibbutzim). The kvutza, pl. kvutzot, was an early form of communal settlement, smaller than the kibbutz. The movement included kibbutzim which had left HaKibbutz HaMeuhad for ideological reasons and was aligned with the Labour Party and its predecessors, Mapai and the Dror youth movement.

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