Mapai
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Workers' Party of the Land of Israel
מפלגת פועלי ארץ ישראל |
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|---|---|
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| Leader |
David Ben-Gurion (1930–54) Moshe Sharett (1954–55) David Ben-Gurion (1955–63) Levi Eshkol (1963–68) |
| Founders |
David Ben-Gurion A. D. Gordon |
| Founded | 5 January 1930 |
| Dissolved | 23 January 1968 |
| Merger of |
Poale Zion Hapoel Hatzair |
| Merged into | Israeli Labor Party |
| Headquarters | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Newspaper | Die Woch |
| Ideology |
Social democracy Labor Zionism |
| Political position | Centre-left |
| National affiliation | Alignment (1965−1968) |
| International affiliation | Socialist International |
| Regional affiliation | Asian Socialist Conference |
| Colours | Red |
| Most MKs | 47 (1959) |
| Election symbol | |
| א | |
Mapai (Hebrew: מַפָּא"י, an acronym for: מִפְלֶגֶת פּוֹעֲלֵי אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל Mifleget Poalei Eretz Yisrael, lit. "Workers' Party of the Land of Israel") was a centre-left political party in Israel, and was the dominant force in Israeli politics until its merger into the modern-day Israeli Labor Party in 1968. During Mapai's time in office, a wide range of progressive reforms were carried out, as characterised by the establishment of a welfare state, providing minimum income, security, and free (or almost free) access to housing subsidies and health and social services.
The party was founded on 5 January 1930 by the merger of the Hapoel Hatzair founded by A. D. Gordon and the original Ahdut HaAvoda (founded in 1919 from the right, more moderate, wing of the Marxist Zionist socialist Poale Zion led by David Ben-Gurion). In the early 1920s the Labor Zionist movement had founded the Histadrut Union, which dominated the Hebrew settlement economy and infrastructure, later making Mapai the dominant political faction in Zionist politics. It was also responsible for the founding of Hashomer and Haganah, the first two armed Jewish groups which secured the people and property of the new and emerging Jewish communities. By the early 1930s, David Ben-Gurion had taken over the party, and had become de facto leader of the Jewish community in Palestine (known as the Yishuv). It was a member of the Labour and Socialist International between 1930 and 1940.
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