Kharg Island
| Native name: جزیره خارگ | |
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| Geography | |
| Coordinates | 29°14′08″N 50°18′36″E / 29.235481°N 50.31°ECoordinates: 29°14′08″N 50°18′36″E / 29.235481°N 50.31°E |
| Administration | |
 Shown within Iran
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| Location | 25 km (16 mi) off the coast of Iran |
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| Coordinates | 29°14′08″N 50°18′36″E / 29.235481°N 50.31°E |
| History | |
| Periods | Selucid, Parthian, Nabataean |
| Site notes | |
| Archaeologists | F. Sarre, E. Herzfeld, Marie-Joseph Steve |
| Condition | ruins |
| Public access | Yes |
| Location | Kharg Island Iran |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 29°12′50.5″N 50°19′09.6″E / 29.214028°N 50.319333°E |
| Foundation | concrete basement |
| Construction | aluminium skeletal tower |
| Tower shape | square pyramidal tower with central cylinder and lantern |
| Height | 14 metres (46 ft) |
| Focal height | 90 metres (300 ft) |
| Range | 17 nautical miles (31 km; 20 mi) |
| Characteristic | Fl (2) W 12s. |
| Admiralty number | D7664.4 |
| NGA number | 28916 |
| ARLHS number | IRA-002 |
Kharg Island (Persian: جزیره خارگ) is a continental island in the Persian Gulf belonging to Iran. The island is located 25 km (16 mi) off the coast of Iran and 483 km (300 mi) northwest of the Strait of Hormuz. Administered by the adjacent coastal Bushehr Province, Kharg Island provides a sea port for the export of oil and extends Iranian territorial sea claims into the Persian Gulf oil fields. Located on Kharg Island is Kharg, the only city in the Kharg District.
Mentioned in the Hudud al-'alam as a good source for pearls around 982 AD, Kharg was visited by Jean de Thévenot in 1665, who recorded trade at the time with Isfahan and Basra. In 1753 the Dutch Empire established both a trading post and a fort on the island after securing perpetual ownership of the island from Mir Nasáir, the Arab ruler of Bandar Rig, in return for a present of 2000 rupees. In 1766 the Dutch fort was captured by Mir Mahanna, the governor of Bandar Rig.
The island was briefly occupied in 1838 by the British to block the Siege of Herat (1838) but was soon returned. Amoco built and operated the oil terminal on the island. Its property was expropriated after the revolution.
Once the world's largest offshore crude oil terminal and the principal sea terminal for Iranian oil, the Kharg Island facilities were put out of commission in the fall of 1986. Heavy bombing of the Kharg Island facilities from 1980 through 1988 by the Iraqi Air Force during the Iran–Iraq War all but destroyed most of the terminal facilities. Kharg Island was situated in the middle of the Darius Oilfield, also destroyed by the intensive bombing. Repair to all facilities has been very slow, even after the war ended in 1988. The events experienced by this island gave rise to the dispute in the English contract law case The Kanchenjunga [1990] 1 Lloyd's Rep 391, regarding the conditions for repudiatory breach of contract and a claimant's right to elect to accept repudiation.
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