Khajeh Nasir Toosi
| Nasīr al-Dīn Tūsī | |
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Iranian stamp for the 700th anniversary of his death
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| Title | Khawaja Nasir |
| Born | 18 February 1201 Tus, Khorasan |
| Died | 26 June 1274 (aged 73) Al-Kadhimiya Mosque, Kadhimiya, Baghdad, Ilkhanate |
| Ethnicity | Persian |
| Era | Islamic Golden Age |
| Region | Persia |
| Religion | Islam |
| Jurisprudence | Ismāʿīlī |
| Creed | Avicennism |
| Main interest(s) | Kalam, Islamic Philosophy, Astronomy, Mathematics, Chemistry, Biology and Medicine, Physics, Science |
| Notable idea(s) | Evolution, Spherical trigonometry, Tusi couple |
| Notable work(s) |
Rawḍa-yi Taslīm, Tajrīd al-'Aqa'id, Akhlaq-i-Nasri, Zij-i ilkhani, al-Risalah al-Asturlabiyah, Al-Tadhkirah fi'ilm al-hay'ah |
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Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Tūsī (Persian: محمد بن محمد بن حسن طوسی; 18 February 1201 – 26 June 1274), better known as Nasir al-Din Tusi (Persian: نصیر الدین طوسی; or simply Tusi in the West), was a Persianpolymath, architect, philosopher, physician, scientist, and theologian. He is often considered the creator of trigonometry as a mathematical discipline in its own right. He was a Twelver Muslim. The Muslim scholar Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406) considered Tusi to be the greatest of the later Persian scholars.
Nasir al-Din Tusi was born in the city of Tus in medieval Khorasan (northeastern Iran) in the year 1201 and began his studies at an early age. In Hamadan and Tus he studied the Quran, hadith, Ja'fari jurisprudence, logic, philosophy, mathematics, medicine and astronomy.
He was apparently born into a Shī‘ah family and lost his father at a young age. Fulfilling the wish of his father, the young Muhammad took learning and scholarship very seriously and travelled far and wide to attend the lectures of renowned scholars and acquire the knowledge, an exercise highly encouraged in his Islamic faith. At a young age he moved to Nishapur to study philosophy under Farid al-Din Damad and mathematics under Muhammad Hasib. He met also Attar of Nishapur, the legendary Sufi master who was later killed by the Mongols, and he attended the lectures of Qutb al-Din al-Misri.
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