Kefken Island
Coordinates: 41°12′58″N 30°15′40″E / 41.21611°N 30.26111°E
Kefken Island, in Turkish Kefken Adası, lies off the Black Sea coast of Turkey, a short boat ride from the mainland village of Cebeci in the Kandıra district of Kocaeli Province.
It has an area of 21 hectares, and is about four times as long as it is broad.
During the Greek, Roman and Byzantine (pre-Turkish) era, the island was called Daphnusia (Δαφνουσία), Apollonia (Ἀπολλωνία), and Thynias (Θυνίας). The last of these names is derived from ancient Greek Thynos (Θύνος)=Tuna fish, and perhaps from the Thynii, a tribe of Thracian origin that lived in coastal Bithynia. It is mentioned by the geographer Ptolemy (5.14.1) and Pliny the Elder (5.32), and by Strabo, and also in the Periplus of the Euxine Sea. The names Thynias and Daphnusia are both given by Ptolemy, Thynias by Pliny and Strabo.
Although the settlement on the island never attained the rank of "city", it became, at a relatively late stage, a bishopric. This was at a relatively late stage, for there is no mention of it in the Synecdemus. The first of the Notitiae Episcopatuum in which it appears, always under the name "Daphnusia", is the early 10th-century one attributed to Byzantine Emperor Leo VI the Wise. The Greek Orthodox Church venerates as a martyr bishop of Daphnusia a certain Sabas, of whom nothing else is known, while extant documents show that Leo took part in the Council of Constantinople (869), where he expressed repentance for having deserted Ignatius of Constantinople in favour of Photius, and that his successor Antonius was at the Council of Constantinople (879), which reinstated Photius. No longer a residential bishopric, Daphnusia is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.
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