Karuk
Karuk folk singer Jetty Rae
|
|
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| (2010 census: 6,115 alone and in combination) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| California (Yreka, Happy Camp, Orleans), Oregon | |
| Languages | |
| English, Karuk | |
| Religion | |
| Christianity, other | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Yurok |
The Karuk people are an indigenous people of California, and the Karuk Tribe is one of the largest tribes in California. Karuks are also enrolled in two other federally recognized tribes, the Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community of the Trinidad Rancheria and the Quartz Valley Indian Community.
Happy Camp, California is located in the heart of the Karuk Tribe's ancestral territory, which extends along the Klamath River from Bluff Creek (near the community of Orleans in Humboldt County) through Siskiyou County and into Southern Oregon.
The name "Karuk," also spelled "Karok," means "upriver people", or "upstream" people, and are called Chum-ne in Tolowa.
The Karuk people speak the Karuk language, a language isolate. The tribe has an active language revitalization program.
Estimates for the pre-contact populations of most native groups in California have varied substantially.Alfred L. Kroeber proposed a population for the Karuk of 1,500 in 1770. Sherburne F. Cook initially estimated it as 2,000, later raising this figure to 2,700. In 1910, Kroeber reported the surviving population of the Karuk as 800.
According to the 2010 census, there were 6,115 Karuk individuals, in which 3,431 were full-blooded.
Since time immemorial, the Karuk resided in villages along the Klamath River, where they continue such cultural traditions as hunting, gathering, fishing, basket making and ceremonial dances. The Karuk were the only California tribe to grow tobacco plants. The Brush Dance, Jump Dance and Pikyavish ceremonies last for several days and are practiced to heal and "fix the world," to pray for plentiful acorns, deer and salmon, and to restore social good will as well as individual good luck.
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Wikipedia