Justicialism

Peronism (Spanish: Peronismo) or Justicialism (Justicialismo) is an Argentinian political movement based on the political ideology and legacy of former President Juan Domingo Perón and his second wife, Eva Perón. The Justicialist Party (Partido Justicialista) derives its name from the concept of social justice (Spanish: justicia social).

Since its inception in 1946, Peronist candidates have won 9 of the 12 presidential elections from which they have not been banned. As of 2016^[update], Perón was the only Argentine to have been elected president three times.

The pillars of the Peronist ideal, known as the "three flags", are social justice, economic independence, and political sovereignty. Peronism can be described as a third position ideology, as it rejects both capitalism and communism. Peronism espouses corporatism and thus aims to mediate tensions between the classes of society, with the state responsible for negotiating compromise in conflicts between managers and workers.

It is, however, a generally ill-defined ideology; different, and sometimes contradictory sentiments are expressed in the name of Peronism. Today, the legacy and thought of Perón have transcended the confines of any single political party and bled into the broader political landscape of Argentina, therefore Peronists are usually described as a political movement. Traditionally the Peronist movement has drawn its strongest support from the working class and sympathetic unions, and has been characterized as proletarian in nature.

From the perspective of opponents, Peronism is an authoritarian ideology. Perón was often compared to fascist dictators, accused of demagoguery, and his policies derided as populist. Proclaiming himself the embodiment of nationality, Perón's government often silenced dissent by accusing opponents of being unpatriotic. The corporatist character of Peronism drew attacks from socialists who accused his administration of preserving capitalist exploitation and class division. Conservatives rejected its modernist ideology and felt their status threatened by the ascent of the Peronist . Liberals condemned the Perón regime's arbitrariness and dictatorial tendencies.

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