Justice and Equality Movement
| Justice and Equality Movement | |
|---|---|
| Participant in the War in Darfur, the conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile and the Libyan Civil War (2014–present) | |
 |
|
| Active | 2000–present |
| Ideology |
Islamism Federalism |
| Leaders |
Khalil Ibrahim (2000-2012) Gibril Ibrahim (2012-present) |
| Area of operations |
Darfur & Kurdufan, Sudan Libya |
| Strength | 35,000 (claim) |
| Part of | Sudan Revolutionary Front |
| Allies |
Sudan Liberation Movement/Army Liberation and Justice Movement |
| Opponents |
Sudanese Armed Forces Janjaweed |
| Battles and wars |
War in Darfur Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile Libyan Civil War (2014–present) |
| War in Darfur |
|---|
 |
| Timeline |
| International response |
| UNMIS / AMIS / UNAMID |
| ICC investigation |
| Combatants |
| SLM |
| JEM |
| LJM |
| Janjaweed |
| Other articles |
| History of Darfur |
| Bibliography |
The Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) (Arabic: حركة العدل والمساواة, Ḥarakat al-ʿAdl wal-musāwāh ) is a Sudanese opposition group founded by Khalil Ibrahim, the group has been led since January 2012 by his brother Gibril Ibrahim, as Khalil was killed in December 2011. JEM's political agenda includes issues such as: radical and comprehensive constitutional reform to grant Sudan's regions a greater share of power in ruling the country (one point of this is a rotating presidency), the replacement of social injustice and political tyranny with justice and equality, and basic services for every Sudanese.
The beginnings of the Justice and Equality Movement trace to the writers of the Black Book, a manuscript published in 2000 that details the structural inequality in the country; the JEM founder, Khalil Ibrahim, was one of the authors. JEM advocates replacing the dictatorship of Omar al-Bashir and the ruling Congress Party with a civil, democratic state that respects the rights of Sudan's various ethnic groups, women, and youth. The JEM further committed itself to these principles when it signed the New Dawn Charter in January 2013.
JEM claim to possesses forces numbering around 35,000 and an ethnically diverse membership. According to critics it is not the "rainbow of tribes" it claims to be, as most Jem members, including its leader, are from the Zaghawa tribe. JEM is part of the Sudan Revolutionary Front (SRF), an alliance of groups opposed to the government in Khartoum that include the Sudan Liberation Movement(Abdul Wahed), the Sudan Liberation Movement (Minnawi), and the Sudan Liberation Movement - North.
In October 2007, the JEM attacked the Defra oilfield in the Kordofan region of Sudan. The Greater Nile Petroleum Operating Company, a Chinese-led consortium, controls the field. The next month, a group of 135 Chinese engineers arrived in Darfur to work on the Defra field. Ibrahim told reporters, "We oppose them coming because the Chinese are not interested in human rights. [They are] just interested in Sudan's resources." The JEM claims that the revenue from oil sold to China funds the Sudanese government and the Janjaweed militia.
...
Wikipedia