Julius Fučík (journalist)
| Julius Fučík | |
|---|---|
Julius Fučík
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| Born |
23 February 1903 Prague, Austria-Hungary |
| Died | 8 September 1943 (aged 40) Berlin, Nazi Germany |
| Occupation | Journalist |
| Ethnicity | Czech |
| Citizenship | Austrian, Czechoslovak |
| Notable works | Reportáž psaná na oprátce |
| Notable awards | |
Honorary International Peace Prize (1950)
Julius Fučík (Czech: [ˈjuːlɪjus ˈfutʃiːk]) (23 February 1903 – 8 September 1943) was a Czechoslovak journalist, an active member of Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, and part of the forefront of the anti-Nazi resistance. He was imprisoned, tortured, and executed by the Nazis.
The composer Luigi Nono wrote a musical piece titled Julius Fučík based on the journalist's diary Notes from the Gallows and meant it as a tribute to his resilience in the face of Nazi aggression.
Julius Fučík was born into a working-class family in Prague. His father was a steelworker, and he was the nephew and namesake of the composer Julius Fučík. In 1913, Fučík moved with his family from Prague to Plzeň (Pilsen) where he attended the state vocational high school. Already as a twelve-year-old boy he was planning to establish a newspaper named "Slovan" ("The Slav"). He showed himself to be interested in both politics and literature. As a teenager he frequently acted in local amateur theatre.
In 1920 he took up study in Prague and joined the Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party, through which he was later to find himself swept up in the left-wing current. In May 1921 this wing founded the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (CPC). Fučík then first wrote cultural contributions for the local Plzeň CPC newspaper.
After completing his studies, Fučík found a position as an editor with the literary newspaper Kmen ("Stem"). Within the CPC he became responsible for cultural work. In the year 1929 he went to literary critic František Xaver Šalda's magazine Tvorba ("Creation"). Moreover, he constantly worked on the CPC newspaper Rudé právo ("Red Law") and several other journals. In this time Fučík was arrested repeatedly by the Czechoslovakian Secret Police, managing to avoid an eight-month prison sentence in 1934.
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