Julia the Elder
| Julia the Elder | |
|---|---|
Bust of Julia the Elder
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| Born | 30 October 39 BCE Rome |
| Died | 14 CE (aged 53) Rhegium |
| Spouse |
Marcus Claudius Marcellus Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa Tiberius |
| Issue |
Gaius Caesar Julia the Younger Lucius Caesar Agrippina the Elder Agrippa Postumus Tiberillus |
| House | Julio-Claudian Dynasty |
| Father | Augustus |
| Mother | Scribonia |
| Roman imperial dynasties | |||
| Julio-Claudian dynasty | |||
| Chronology | |||
| Augustus | 27 BC – 14 AD | ||
| Tiberius | 14–37 AD | ||
| Caligula | 37–41 AD | ||
| Claudius | 41–54 AD | ||
| Nero | 54–68 AD | ||
| Family | |||
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Gens Julia Gens Claudia Julio-Claudian family tree Category:Julio-Claudian dynasty |
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| Succession | |||
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Preceded by Roman Republic |
Followed by Year of the Four Emperors |
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Julia the Elder (30 October 39 BC – AD 14), known to her contemporaries as Julia Caesaris filia or Julia Augusti filia (Classical Latin: IVLIA•CAESARIS•FILIA or IVLIA•AVGVSTI•FILIA), was the daughter and only biological child of Augustus, the first emperor of the Roman Empire. Augustus subsequently adopted several male members of his close family as sons. Julia resulted from Augustus' second marriage with Scribonia, her birth occurring on the same day as Scribonia's divorce from Augustus, who wished to marry Livia Drusilla.
She was the daughter of the Emperor Augustus, stepsister and second wife of the Emperor Tiberius, maternal grandmother of the Emperor Caligula and the Empress Agrippina the Younger, grandmother-in-law of the Emperor Claudius, and maternal great-grandmother of the Emperor Nero.
At the time of Julia's birth, 39 BC, Augustus had not yet received the title "Augustus" and was known as "Gaius Julius Caesar Divi Filius," though historians refer to him as "Octavian" until 27 BC, when Julia was 11. Octavian divorced Julia's mother the day of her birth and took Julia from her soon thereafter. Octavian, in accordance with Roman custom, claimed complete parental control over her. She was sent to live with her stepmother Livia when she was old enough and learn how to be an aristocrat. Her education appears to have been strict and somewhat old-fashioned. Thus, in addition to her studies, Suetonius informs us, she was taught spinning and weaving.Macrobius mentions "her love of literature and considerable culture, a thing easy to come by in that household".
Julia's social life was severely controlled, and she was allowed to talk only to people whom her father had vetted. However, Octavian had a great affection for his daughter and made sure she had the best teachers available. Macrobius preserves a remark of Augustus: "There are two wayward daughters that I have to put up with: the Roman commonwealth and Julia."
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