Judiciary of Poland

Judiciary of Poland is a responsibility, as defined by the constitution of Poland, of a four-tier court system: the Supreme Court of Poland, the common courts, administrative courts (including the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland) and military courts. Therefore, tribunals (such as the Constitutional Tribunal and State Tribunal) are, in a strict definition, not part of Polish judiciary, but in a broad definition, they are included in it.

The common courts, divided into appellate courts, district courts and regional courts, have the competency in criminal, civil, economic, labor and family law.

Court judges in Poland are nominated by the Krajowa Rada Sądownictwa (National Council of the Judiciary) and are appointed for life by the president of Poland.

Prosecution in Poland is formed by the Public Prosecutor General, the National Public Prosecutor's Office, regional, district and appellate prosecutions, military prosecutors, and the prosecutors of the Institute of National Remembrance.

The European Commission invokes the Article 7 of the European Treaty against E.U. member Poland, denouncing recent judiciary reforms putting it under the political control of the ruling majority and citing "serious risk [to] the independence of the judiciary and the separation of powers".

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