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Juan German Roscio

Juan Germán Roscio
Juan Germán Roscio.jpg
1st Minister of Foreign Affairs of Venezuela
In office
25 April 1810 – 2 March 1811
President Cristóbal Mendoza
Succeeded by Pedro Gual
Vice President of Gran Colombia
In office
21 March 1820 – 10 March 1821
President Simón Bolívar
Personal details
Born (1763-05-27)27 May 1763
San José de Tiznados, Province of Venezuela
Died 10 March 1821(1821-03-10) (aged 57)
Cúcuta, Gran Colombia
Profession lawyer, politician
Religion Roman Catholic
Signature

Juan Germán Roscio (27 May 1763 – 10 March 1821) was a Venezuelan lawyer and politician of Italian background. He served as the secretary of foreign affairs for the Junta of Caracas, as Venezuela's first foreign minister, and as chief of the Executive during the First Republic of Venezuela. He was also editor for Gazeta de Caracas and ran the Correo del Orinoco. He was the main editor of the Venezuelan Declaration of Independence, the chief architect of the Venezuelan Constitution of 1811 and the electoral rules for the election of the first Congress. He was also president of the Angostura Congress in 1819 and vicepresident of Gran Colombia.

Roscio was born to Italian migrant from Milan, Giovanni Roscio, and Paula María Nieves, a Venezuelan native from La Victoria. Living in San Francisco de Tiznados, he learnt Italian and Latin. He moved to Caracas in 1774 in order to further his studies, undertaken under tutelage from the Count of San Javier's daughter. He studied theology and civil law, attaining degrees in Canon law and civil law in 1794 and 1800 respectively.

Filing for licensing at the Real Audiencia de Caracas in 1796, the College of Law alleged his unsuitability in light of irregularities in his maternal heritage claims, specifically his failure to state his "Indian" heredity. He appealed this determination in a nine-year-long process termed "trial of Inés María Paéz", after which he was admitted into the College. It is for this reason Roscio is considered an early defender of civil rights and anti-discrimination activist.

Roscio is known to have contracted marriage with Guyanese native María Dolores Cuevas, with whom he had a daughter, Carmen Roscio Cuevas, born 10 March 1821.


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