Joseph Butler
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The Right Reverend Joseph Butler |
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| Bishop of Durham | |
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| Diocese | Diocese of Durham |
| In office | 1750–1752 |
| Predecessor | Edward Chandler |
| Successor | Richard Trevor |
| Other posts |
Bishop of Bristol (1738–1750) Dean of St Paul's (1740–1750) |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 26 October 1718 (deacon) 21 December 1718 (priest) by William Talbot |
| Consecration | 3 December 1738 |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
18 May 1692 Wantage, Berkshire, England |
| Died | 16 June 1752 (aged 60) Bath, Somerset, Great Britain |
| Buried | 20 June 1752,Bristol Cathedral |
| Nationality | English (later British) |
| Denomination | Anglican |
| Residence | Rosewell House, Kingsmead Square, Bath (at death) |
| Parents | Thomas Butler |
| Spouse | unmarried |
| Profession | theologian, apologist, philosopher (see below) |
| Alma mater | Oriel College, Oxford |
| Sainthood | |
| Feast day | 16 June (commemoration) |
| Joseph Butler | |
|---|---|
| Era | 18th-century philosophy |
| Region | Western Philosophy |
| School | British Empiricism, Christian philosophy |
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Influences
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Joseph Butler (18 May 1692 – 16 June 1752) was an English bishop, theologian, apologist, and philosopher. He was born in Wantage in the English county of Berkshire (now Oxfordshire). He is known, among other things, for his critique of Deism, Thomas Hobbes's egoism, and John Locke's theory of personal identity. Butler influenced many philosophers and religious thinkers, including David Hume, Thomas Reid, Adam Smith,Henry Sidgwick,John Henry Newman, and C. D. Broad, and is widely considered "as one of the preeminent English moralists."
The son of a Presbyterian linen-draper, he was destined for the ministry of that church and, along with future archbishop Thomas Secker, entered Samuel Jones's dissenting academy at Gloucester (later Tewkesbury) for that purpose. While there, he entered into a secret correspondence with the distinguished Anglican theologian and philosopher Samuel Clarke. In 1714, Butler decided to enter the Church of England, and went to Oriel College, Oxford. He received his Bachelor of Arts in 1718 and later proceeded Doctor of Civil Law on 8 December 1733.
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