Josef Tiso
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Th.D. Jozef Tiso |
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|---|---|
 |
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| President of the First Slovak Republic | |
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In office 26 October 1939 – 3 April 1945 |
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| Preceded by | Office created |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished |
| Prime Minister and Minister of Interior of the Autonomous Slovak Region | |
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In office 20 January 1939 – 9 March 1939 |
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| Preceded by | Jozef Tiso |
| Succeeded by | Jozef Sivák |
| Prime Minister and Minister of Interior, Social Care and Health of the Autonomous Slovak Region | |
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In office 1 December 1938 – 20 January 1939 |
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| Preceded by | Jozef Tiso |
| Succeeded by | Jozef Tiso |
| Prime Minister and the Minister of Interior of Autonomous Slovak Region | |
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In office 7 October 1938 – 1 December 1938 |
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| Preceded by | Office created |
| Succeeded by | Jozef Tiso |
| Minister of Health and Physical Education of Czechoslovakia | |
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In office 27 January 1927 – 8 October 1929 |
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| Preceded by | Jan Šrámek |
| Succeeded by | Jan Šrámek |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
13 October 1887 Bytča (Nagybiccse), Kingdom of Hungary, Austria-Hungary |
| Died | 18 April 1947 (aged 59) Bratislava, Czechoslovakia |
| Political party | Slovak People's Party |
| Profession | Politician, Cleric, Roman Catholic priest |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
| Signature |  |
Jozef Tiso (13 October 1887 – 18 April 1947) was a Slovak Roman Catholic priest, and a leading politician of the Slovak People's Party. Between 1939 and 1945, Tiso was the head of the 1939–45 First Slovak Republic, a satellite state of Nazi Germany and he was to remain an active priest throughout his political career. After the end of World War II, Tiso was convicted and hanged for treason that subsumed also war crimes and crimes against humanity by the National Court in Bratislava.
Tiso was born in Bytča (Nagybiccse) to Slovak parents in the Trencsén County of the Kingdom of Hungary, part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He was raised in a religious family and studied at the local elementary school. Then, as a good student with a flair for languages, he studied at a lower grammar school in Žilina. The school had clearly Hungarian spirit, since all Slovak grammar schools were closed at the time of his study. Here, he began to use Hungarian form of his name Tiszó József. In 1902, he began to study at higher Priarist grammar school in Nitra. The Bishop of Nitra, Imre Bende, offered Tiso a chance to study for the priesthood at the prestigious Pázmáneum in Vienna. Tiso, taught by several elite professors, became familiar with various philosophies and the newest Papal Encyclicals. He also extended his language skills. Along with already known Hungarian, German and Latin, he studied Hebrew, Aramaic dialects and Arabic. The school reports describe him mostly as an "excellent", "exemplary", and "pious" student. Enrolling in the University of Vienna in 1906, he graduated as a Doctor of Theology in 1911.
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