Josef Bürckel
| Joseph Bürckel | |
|---|---|
Joseph Bürckel in circa 1938.
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| Gauleiter of Westmark | |
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In office 1933–1944 |
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| Preceded by | none |
| Succeeded by | Willi Stöhr |
| Gauleiter of Vienna | |
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In office 1939–1940 |
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| Preceded by | Odilo Globocnik |
| Succeeded by | Baldur von Schirach |
| Member of the German Reichstag | |
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In office 1930–1944 |
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| Personal details | |
| Born |
30 March 1895 Lingenfeld |
| Died | 28 September 1944 (aged 49) Neustadt an der Weinstraße |
| Nationality | German |
| Political party | Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiter Partei |
| Occupation | political officer |
Joseph Bürckel (30 March 1895, in Lingenfeld, Germersheim – 28 September 1944, in Neustadt an der Weinstraße) was a Nazi Germany politician and a member of the German parliament (the Reichstag). He was an early member of the Nazi party and was influential in the rise of the National Socialist movement.
Joseph Bürckel was born in Lingenfeld, in the Bavarian Palatinate, as the son of a tradesman. From 1909 to 1914 he studied to become a teacher in Speyer.
He took part in the First World War as a volunteer. After the war, he continued his training as a teacher and graduated in 1920. From 1921 onwards, he was engaged in nationalist groups, fighting separatism in the Palatinate.
An energetic organizer in the National Socialist movement of the Saar-Palatinate from 1925, the former schoolmaster rose through the ranks to become Gauleiter (Nazi Party leader) for the region in 1934.
On 13 March 1938, Bürckel was appointed acting head of the Party to carry out the referendum on the Anschluss (Austria's absorption into Germany). From 23 April 1938 to 31 March 1940, he worked as Reichskommissar for the union of Austria with the German Reich, in charge of fully integrating it as the Ostmark politically, economically and culturally into the latter. He declared: "This is a revolution. The Jews may be glad that it is not of the French or Russian pattern." Saying Vienna was "overfilled with Jews", he stated his aim to leave them with no more than five percent of their property. On 20 August 1938, he established the Central Agency for Jewish Emigration in Vienna, at first responsible for the forced emigration of Jews, and later for the subsequent deportation and murder of at least 48,767 Austrian Jews out of Vienna.
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