José do Patrocínio
| José do Patrocínio | |
|---|---|
A photograph of José do Patrocínio
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| Born | José Carlos do Patrocínio October 9, 1854 Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Empire of Brazil |
| Died | January 29, 1905 (aged 50) Rio de Janeiro City, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| Pen name | Proudhomme, Notus Ferrão |
| Occupation | Writer, pharmacist, activist, orator, journalist |
| Nationality |
 Brazilian
|
| Alma mater | Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro |
| Notable works | Mota Coqueiro, ou A Pena de Morte |
| Spouse | Maria Henriqueta Sena |
José Carlos do Patrocínio (October 9, 1854 – January 29, 1905) was a Brazilian writer, journalist, activist, orator and pharmacist. He was among the most well-known proponents of the abolition of slavery in Brazil, and known as "O Tigre de Abolição" (The Tiger of Abolition). He founded and occupied the 21st chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters from 1897 until his death in 1905.
José do Patrocínio was born in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes, to João Carlos Monteiro, a vicar and politician, and Justina do Espírito Santo, a young freed slave from Elmina, Ghana. João Carlos did not legally recognize his son, but he did partially subsidize his education in pharmacy school.
After finishing school, Do Patrocínio went to Rio de Janeiro, where he served as a bricklayer during the construction of the Santa Casa da Misericórdia. He became interested in Medicine and began studying at the Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, graduating in Pharmacy in 1874. However, Do Patrocínio could not find a home to live in after his graduation. A friend of his invited him to live in the neighborhood of São Cristóvão, where Do Patrocínio stayed at the house of a rich laird and captain named Emiliano Rosa Sena. Later entering to a Republican club, he met Quintino Bocaiuva, Lopes Trovão and Pardal Mallet, among others.
He soon fell in love with Sena's daughter, Maria Henriqueta, whom he affectionately called "Bibi". Although Emiliano initially disapproved their relationship, he later complied with it. With Sena's permission, Do Patrocínio married Bibi in 1879.
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