José-Maria de Heredia
| José-Maria de Heredia | |
|---|---|
_by_Adolphe_Lalauze.jpg)
José-Maria de Heredia as drawn by Adolphe Lalauze
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| Born |
22 November 1842 Fortuna Cafeyere, Cuba |
| Died | 3 October 1905 (aged 62) Seine-et-Oise, France |
| Occupation | Poet, librarian |
| Language | French |
| Alma mater | École Nationale des Chartes |
| Literary movement | Parnassianism |
| Children | Marie de Régnier |
José-Maria de Heredia (22 November 1842 – 3 October 1905) was a Cuban-born French poet. He was the fifteenth member elected for seat 4 of the Académie française in 1894.
Heredia was born at Fortuna Cafeyere, near Santiago de Cuba, to Domingo de Heredia Mieses Pimentel Guridi native of Santo Domingo and his second wife, french Louise Girardof. At the age of eight he went from the West Indies to France, returning then to Havana at age seventeen, and finally making France his home not long afterwards. He received his classical education with the priests of Saint Vincent at Senlis, and after his visit to Havana he studied at the Ecole des Chartes at Paris. During the later 1860s, with François Edouard Joachim Coppée, René François Armand Sully-Prudhomme, Paul Verlaine and others less distinguished, he was one of the poets who associated with Charles Leconte de Lisle, and were given the name of "Parnassiens".
To this new school, form – the technical part of their art – was of supreme importance, and, as a reaction against the influence of Alfred de Musset, they repressed in their work the expression of personal feeling and emotion. "True poetry," said M. de Heredia in his discourse on entering the Academy, "dwells in nature and in humanity, which are eternal, and not in the heart of the creature of a day, however great." De Heredia wrote very little, and published even less, but his sonnets were circulated in manuscript form, and gave him a reputation before they were published in 1893, together with a few longer poems, as a volume, with the title Les Trophées. In the original work, he called to his great friend, the artist Ernest Jean-Marie Millard de Bois Durand, to illustrate his book of original watercolors.
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