John Shine
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John Shine AO, FAA |
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Shine, pictured at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research in 2010.
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| Born |
3 July 1946 Brisbane, Queensland |
| Nationality | Australian |
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| Known for | Shine-Dalgarno sequence |
Professor John Shine AO, FAA (born 3 July 1946) is an Australian biochemist and molecular biologist. Shine discovered the nucleotide sequence, called the Shine-Dalgarno sequence, necessary for the initiation and termination of protein synthesis. He directed the Garvan Institute of Medical Research in Sydney between 1990 and 2011.
The brother of scientist, Richard Shine, John Shine was born in Brisbane in 1946 and completed his university studies at the Australian National University (ANU) in Canberra, graduating with a bachelor of science with honours in 1972 and completing his PhD in 1975. During the course of his studies he discovered the RNA sequence necessary for ribosome binding and the initiation of protein synthesis in the bacterium Escherichia coli. The sequence was named the Shine-Dalgarno sequence. This was a key discovery allowing further development of molecular biology, especially genetic engineering, and was an important discovery towards understanding gene expression and regulation.
Shine undertook post doctoral research at the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), during this period he was the first to clone a human hormone gene and was a central figure in the cloning of the insulin and growth hormone genes. He also determined the first sequence responsible for replication of a cancer causing virus.
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