John Henry Haynes
| John Henry Haynes | |
|---|---|
John Henry Haynes (Copyright UPenn)
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| First American Consul in Baghdad | |
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In office 1888–1892 |
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| Personal details | |
| Born |
27 January 1849 Rowe, Massachusetts |
| Died |
29 June 1910 (aged 61) North Adams, Massachusetts |
| Nationality | American |
| Spouse(s) | Cassandria Artella Haynes |
John Henry Haynes (27 January 1849 – 29 June 1910) was an American traveller, archaeologist, and photographer, best known for his archaeological work at the first two American archaeological excavations in the Mediterranean and Mesopotamia at Nippur and Assos. Haynes can be regarded as the father of American archaeological photography and his corpus remains an important record of numerous archaeological sites across Ottoman Anatolia.
The eldest son of John W. Haynes and Emily Taylor, Haynes came from humble beginnings. Haynes' father died when he was still young - he put off his education to care for his younger siblings.
In 1870 at the age of 21 Haynes enrolled in Drury Academy in North Adams, and in 1872 he began at Williams College in Williamstown. He worked his way through college - nicknamed 'Daddy' by his younger classmates. In 1880 a chance encounter with Charles Eliot Norton, the first president of the American Institute of Archaeology, led to a position on an archaeological expedition to Crete. Arriving in Crete he met the photographer, William James Stillman, from whom he began to learn the basics of photography, assisting in Stillman's work documenting the Acropolis in Athens.
From Athens, Haynes joined an American archaeological excursion to Assos, where he worked under Joseph Thacher Clarke as an archeological photographer. At the end of 1881 he travelled to Istanbul where he was hired as a tutor at Robert College. In Istanbul he befriended the epigrapher John Robert Sitlington Sterrett. The two travelled to Cappadocia, and later in 1884 Haynes resigned his post at Robert College to join the Wolfe Exhibition, which travelled south into Mesopotamia, and then back through Syria, stopping at Erbil, Mosul, Nippur, Palmyra, and Dura-Europos, looking for a suitable site for an American Excavation in Babylonia. In 1887 Haynes set out again, this time with William R. Ware, revisiting Anatolian sites like Eflatunpinar, Cappadocia and Kayseri, and heading for the rock-cut monuments of Phrygia. On the way he made important records of the ruins at Binbirkilise. Gertrude Bell would later record the site, but there appears to have been an earthquake before her arrival.
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