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John Bankhead Magruder

John Bankhead Magruder
John B Magruder.jpg
John B. Magruder
Nickname(s) Prince John
Born (1807-05-01)May 1, 1807
Port Royal, Virginia
Died February 19, 1871(1871-02-19) (aged 63)
Houston, Texas
Place of burial Episcopal Cemetery, Galveston, Texas
Allegiance  United States
 Confederate States
Bandera del Segundo Imperio Mexicano (1864-1867).svg Second Mexican Empire
Service/branch  United States Army
 Confederate States Army
Imperial Mexican Army
Years of service 1830–61 (USA)
1861–65 (CSA)
1865–1867 (Mexican Empire)
Rank Union army cpt rank insignia.jpg Captain (USA)
Union army lt col rank insignia.jpg Bvt. Lieutenant Colonel (USA)
Confederate States of America General-collar.svg Major General (CSA)
Major General (Mexico)
Unit 7th U.S. Infantry
1st U.S. Artillery
Commands held Magruder's Division
Army of the Peninsula
District of Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona
Department of Arkansas
Battles/wars

Second Seminole War
Mexican-American War
American Civil War

Other work Second Mexican Empire

Second Seminole War
Mexican-American War
American Civil War

John Bankhead Magruder (May 1, 1807 – February 19, 1871) was a career military officer who served in the armies of three nations. He was a U.S. Army officer in the Mexican-American War, a Confederate general during the American Civil War, and a postbellum general in the Imperial Mexican Army. Known as "Prince John" to his army friends, Magruder was most noted for his actions in delaying Federal troops during the 1862 Peninsula Campaign through elaborate ruses that gave Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan the impression that the Confederates had more forces than they actually did, and in successfully defending Galveston, Texas, against the Union Army and Navy early in 1863.

Magruder was born in Port Royal, Virginia to Thomas and Elizabeth Magruder and is of Scottish ancestry.

He first attended the University of Virginia, where he had the opportunity to dine with former President Thomas Jefferson. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1830, where he was the roommate of William N. Pendleton. He was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 7th U.S. Infantry regiment. He was later assigned to the 1st U.S. Artillery.


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