João Rodrigues Tçuzu
| João Rodrigues the Interpreter | |
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| Born | 1561 or 1562 Sernancelhe, Portugal |
| Died | 1633 or 1634 Macao, Portuguese Empire (China) |
| Occupation | soldier, interpreter, priest |
| Known for | early linguistic works on Japanese; introducing western science and culture to Korea |
| João Rodrigues | |||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Lù Ruòhàn Lù Rěhàn |
| Wade–Giles | Lu Jo-han Lu Jê-han |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Jyutping | Luk⁶ Joek⁶-hon³ Luk⁶ Je⁵-hon³ |
| Transcriptions | |
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| Revised Romanization | Yuk Yakhan |
| McCune–Reischauer | Yuk Yak-han |
João Rodrigues (1561 or 1562 – 1633 or 1634), distinguished as Tçuzu and also known by other names in China and Korea, was a Portuguese sailor, warrior, and Jesuit interpreter, missionary, priest, and scholar in Japan and China. He is now best known for his linguistic works on the Japanese language, including The Art of the Japanese Language. He was also long erroneously supposed to have been the main compiler of the first Japanese–Portuguese dictionary, published in 1603.
João Rodrigues's epithet Tçuzu was an early Portuguese transcription of his Japanese descriptor Tsūji (Japanese: , "the Interpreter"). It distinguished him from a contemporary João Rodrigues in the Jesuits' China mission. João's surname sometimes appears in its old Portuguese form Rodriguez, the form he himself used in his Portuguese works; his epithet is sometimes mistakenly written as Tçuzzu.
In Japan and China, Rodrigues used the Chinese name Lu Ruohan (), abbreviating his family name to a single character Lu in the Chinese style and transcribing his given name's Latin form Iohannes to Ruohan. In modern Korean sources, Rodrigues's name is written with the pronunciation Yuk Yakhan (), although at the time his Chinese surname would have been pronounced Ryuk (). In 19th- and early 20th-century sources, his name appears as "Jean Niouk", a blend of the French form of his given name and Dallet's French transcription of the Korean pronunciation of the Chinese form of his surname.
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