Jean-Baptiste Gaspard d'Ansse de Villoison

Jean-Baptiste Gaspard d'Ansse (or Dannse) de Villoison (5 March 1750 (or 1753) – 25 April 1805) was a classical scholar born at Corbeil-sur-Seine, France.

He belonged to a noble family (De Ansso) of Spanish origin, and took his surname from a village in the neighbourhood. In 1773 he published the Homeric Lexicon of Apollonius the Sophist from a manuscript in the abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés. In 1778 his edition of Longus's Daphnis and Chloë was published. He went to Venice in 1781 where he spent three years examining the library, his expenses being paid by the French government.

His chief discovery was a 10th-century manuscript of the Iliad, the famous codex Venetus A, with ancient scholia and marginal notes, indicating supposititious, corrupt or transposed verses. After leaving Venice, he accepted an invitation of the duke of Saxe-Weimar to come to his court. Some of the fruits of his researches in the library of the palace were collected into a volume (Epistolae Vinarienses (1783)), dedicated to his royal hosts.

Hoping to find a treasure similar to the Venetian Homer in Greece, he returned to Paris to prepare for a journey to the east. He visited Constantinople, Smyrna, the Greek islands, and Mount Athos; but the results did not meet his expectation. In 1786 he returned to Paris, and in 1788 brought out the Venetus A of Homer, which created a sensation in the learned world. When the revolution broke out, being banished from Paris, he lived in retirement in Orléans, occupying himself chiefly with the transcription of the notes in the library of the brothers Valois (Valesius).

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