Jandarmeria Română
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Romanian Gendarmerie Jandarmeria Română |
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| Common name | Jandarmeria |
| Abbreviation | JR |
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Military colors
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| Motto | LEX ET ORDO Law and Order |
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | 3 April 1850 |
| Legal personality | Governmental: Government agency |
| Jurisdictional structure | |
| National agency | ROU |
| General nature | |
| Operational structure | |
| Headquarters | Bucharest |
| Agency executive | Brigadier General Marin Andreiana, General-Inspector (acting) |
| Parent agency | Minister of Administration and Interior |
| Website | |
| (English) Romanian Gendarmerie | |
The Jandarmeria Română (Romanian pronunciation: [ʒandarmeˈri.a roˈmɨnə]) is a military police force of Romania tasked with high-risk and specialized law enforcement duties. It is one of the two main police forces in Romania (the other being the Romanian Police - a civil force), both having jurisdiction over the civilian population.
The gendarmerie is subordinated to the Ministry of Administration and Interior and does not have responsibility for policing the Romanian Armed Forces. This duty lies with the Military Police subordinated to the Romanian Land Forces.
The first Gendarmerie corps was created on 3 April 1850 in Moldavia by Prince Grigore Alexandru Ghica. After the Union of Moldavia and Wallachia in 1859 under Prince Alexandru Ioan Cuza, the Gendarmerie was subordinated to the Ministry of War as a separate armed force.
During the Romanian War of Independence of 1877-1878, it mainly served as military police, but it also took part in combat.
In 1893, the Rural Gendarmerie (Jandarmeria Rurală) was established by the Law for the Organization of the Rural Gendarmerie (Legea pentru organizarea Jandarmeriei rurale) as a military corps under the authority of the Ministry of Justice for policing the countryside and under the authority of Ministry of War for military police functions. The bill was proposed by Lascăr Catargiu's Conservative government and it was promulgated by the King on 30 August 1893. The first article of the Ordinance regarding the Implementation of the Rural Gendarmerie Law mentioned that:
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