James McLaughlin (Indian agent)

James McLaughlin
James McLaughlin 1910
Born	12 February 1842 Ontario, Canada
Died	28 July 1923 Washington, D.C., United States
Known for	US Indian Service Agent who ordered Sitting Bull's arrest

James McLaughlin (1842–1923) was a Canadian-American United States Indian agent and inspector, best known for having ordered the arrest of Sitting Bull in December 1890, which resulted in the chief's death. Before this event, he was known for his positive relations with several tribes. His memoir, published in 1910, was entitled, My Friend the Indian.

McLaughlin emigrated to the United States at the age of 21, living briefly in St. Paul, Minnesota, where he married a Mdewakanton woman of mixed-blood descent. He soon became a citizen. While working as a blacksmith at Fort Totten, he studied to become a US Indian agent, and was selected to supervise the Devils Lake Agency in 1876. He was promoted and transferred in 1881 to the larger Standing Rock Sioux Agency in the Dakotas, working there for many years, in an era of short-term political appointments. In 1895 he was promoted to a position as Inspector of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and Department of Interior, working until his death in 1923 in Washington, DC.

James McLaughlin was the 6th of 9 children born to Felix (Catholic) and Mary (Prince, Protestant) McLaughlin, emigrants from the Province of Ulster, in Ireland to Canada. James was born and raised Catholic in Avonmore, Ontario, Canada. He likely attended local schools and also learned the trade of blacksmith.

At the age of 21, in 1863 he emigrated to St Paul, Minnesota. The following year he married Marie Louise Buisson, a Mdewakanton woman of mixed-blood (Québécois and Scottish) descent. They had seven children together.