Jackson, Missouri
| Jackson, Missouri | |
|---|---|
| City | |
The Cape Girardeau County courthouse in Jackson, MO
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 Location of Jackson, Missouri |
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| Coordinates: 37°22′48″N 89°39′29″W / 37.38000°N 89.65806°WCoordinates: 37°22′48″N 89°39′29″W / 37.38000°N 89.65806°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Missouri |
| County | Cape Girardeau |
| Area | |
| • Total | 10.96 sq mi (28.39 km2) |
| • Land | 10.94 sq mi (28.33 km2) |
| • Water | 0.02 sq mi (0.05 km2) |
| Elevation | 463 ft (141 m) |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Total | 13,758 |
| • Estimate (2012) | 14,180 |
| • Density | 1,257.6/sq mi (485.6/km2) |
| Time zone | Central (CST) (UTC-6) |
| • Summer (DST) | CDT (UTC-5) |
| ZIP code | 63755 |
| Area code(s) | 573 |
| FIPS code | 29-35648 |
| GNIS feature ID | 0720202 |
Jackson is a city in Cape Girardeau County, Missouri, United States. The population was 13,758 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Cape Girardeau County. It is a principal city of the Cape Girardeau–Jackson, MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
In 1813, Cape Girardeau County succeeded Cape Girardeau District, and the Court of Common Pleas and the Court of General Quarter-Sessions of the Peace in Cape Girardeau were superseded by the Court of Common Pleas, leading to a new seat of justice. The seat of the county and the courts were at first held on the plantation of Thomas Bull about one and one-half mile south of present-day Jackson. Land was then purchased along Hubble Creek for the county seat in 1814.
The first post office was established in 1814 when the area was called Birdstown. The name was changed to Jackson on August 31, 1819, named for Andrew Jackson, a general popular for his role in the War of 1812. It was the first town to be named after Andrew Jackson. The town was platted in 1815. The Missouri Herald, the third newspaper in state, was established here on June 25, 1819. In 1818, the town already had a population of 300. The first county courthouse was built in 1818 on Jackson's public square.
Although its initial growth was rapid, the economy of the City of Jackson developed conservatively. The town suffered a setback in June, 1833, when Cholera spread killing 128. Cholera struck again on June 10, 1852, causing all abled bodies to flee the town until the epidemic had run its course. In 1841, a bank was established. A flour mill was constructed in 1855 and another in 1873. But the community could not escape the impact of the American Civil War; on June 24, 1861, a military skirmish took place near Jackson between units of the Union Army and the Confederate Army.
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