Jacamaralcyon
| Three-toed jacamar | |
|---|---|
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Piciformes |
| Family: | Galbulidae |
| Genus: |
Jacamaralcyon Lesson, 1830 |
| Species: | J. tridactyla |
| Binomial name | |
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Jacamaralcyon tridactyla (Vieillot, 1817) |
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| Synonyms | |
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Cauax tridactylus |
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Cauax tridactylus
Galbula armata
Galbula ceycoides
Galbula triactyla
Jacamaralcyon brasiliensis
The three-toed jacamar (Jacamaralcyon tridactyla) is a species of bird in the family Galbulidae. It is monotypic within the genus Jacamaralcyon.
It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical and tropical dry forests, subtropical and tropical moist lowland forests, and plantations. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The three-toed jacamar is one of 18 jacamar species in the family Galbulidae. It is in the monotypic genus Jacamaralcyon, and has no subspecies. When he first described it in 1807, French naturalist François Levaillant named the species "jacamaralcion", a combination of the words "jacamar" and "alcyon" — the latter a form of the word "halcyon", meaning "kingfisher". French ornithologist Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot assigned it to the large jacamar genus Galbula when he established a scientific name for it in 1817, naming it Galbula tridactyla. In 1830, French ornithologist René Primevère Lesson created the genus Jacamaralcyon, separating the three-toed jacamar from other jacamar species on the basis of its unusual foot structure; the genus name is a nod to Levaillant's earlier common name for the bird. The specific name tridactyla is a combination of the Greek words tri, meaning "three" and dactulos, meaning "toes".
Like all members of its family, the three-toed jacamar is short-legged and short-winged. It perches upright, with its tail down and its long, sharply-pointed beak uptilted. It is a medium-sized bird, measuring 18 cm (7.1 in) in length and weighing between 17.4 and 19.3 g (0.61 and 0.68 oz); females average heavier than males. The sexes are similarly plumaged: slaty black with a bronzy-green gloss above, and somewhat paler below. The belly and the center of the breast are white. The adult has a brownish-gray cap and a black throat, and the cap, chin and the sides of the head are finely marked with pale fulvous streaks. Its bill is black, and its feet are slaty gray.
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Wikipedia