Israeli–Palestinian conflict in Hebron

The Israeli–Palestinian conflict in Hebron refers to an ongoing conflict between Palestinians and Jewish settlers in the West Bank city of Hebron in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Hebron has a Palestinian majority, consisting of an estimated 208,750 citizens (2015) and a small Jewish minority, variously numbered between 500 and 800. The H1 sector of Hebron, home to around 170,000 Palestinians, is governed by the Palestinian Authority. H2, which was inhabited by around 30,000 Palestinians is under Israeli military control with an entire brigade in place to protect some 800 Jewish residents living in the old Jewish quarter. As of 2015, Israel has declared that special areas of Hebron's old Quarter constitute a closed military zone. Palestinians shops have been forced to close; despite protests Palestinian women are reportedly frisked by men, and residents, who are subjected every day to repeated body searches, must register to obtain special permits to navigate through the 18 military checkpoints Israel has set up in the city center.

The Hebrew Bible describes Hebron as the home of patriarchs Abraham and Jacob and as all the patriarchs final resting place. It is also considered King David's first Capital city.

The Sephardic Jewish community had been in Hebron continuously for approximately 800 years and the Ashkenazi community had roots there that went back for about one century. Jews living there claim that they are resettling areas where Jews have lived since time immemorial.

In the mid-19th century, Hebron was small town with a population of around 10,000, the majority of whom were Muslims. From December 1917, Hebron came under the rule of the Mandatory Palestine, a move sanctioned by the League of Nations.

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