Isoamyl alcohol

Isoamyl alcohol

Names
Preferred IUPAC name 3-Methylbutan-1-ol
Other names 3-Methyl-1-butanol Isopentyl alcohol Isopentanol Isobutylcarbinol
Identifiers
CAS Number	123-51-3 Y
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:15837 Y
ChemSpider	29000 Y
DrugBank	DB02296 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.004.213
KEGG	C07328 Y
PubChem CID	31260
InChI InChI=1S/C5H12O/c1-5(2)3-4-6/h5-6H,3-4H2,1-2H3 Y Key: PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C5H12O/c1-5(2)3-4-6/h5-6H,3-4H2,1-2H3 Key: PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYAW
SMILES OCCC(C)C
Properties
Chemical formula	C5H12O
Molar mass	88.148 g/mol
Appearance	Clear, colorless liquid
Odor	disagreeable
Density	0.8104 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Melting point	−117 °C (−179 °F; 156 K)
Boiling point	131.1 °C (268.0 °F; 404.2 K)
Solubility in water	slightly soluble, 28 g/L
Solubility	very soluble in acetone, diethyl ether, ethanol
Vapor pressure	28 mmHg (20°C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-68.96·10−6 cm3/mol
Viscosity	3.692 mPa·s
Thermochemistry
Specific heat capacity (C)	2.382 J·g−1·K−1
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfHo298)	-356.4 kJ·mol−1 (liquid) -300.7 kJ·mol−1 (gas)
Hazards
Flash point	43 °C (109 °F; 316 K)
Autoignition temperature	350 °C (662 °F; 623 K)
Explosive limits	1.2 – 9%
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	3438 mg/kg (rabbit, oral) 1300 mg/kg (rat, oral)
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 100 ppm (360 mg/m3)
REL (Recommended)	TWA 100 ppm (360 mg/m3) ST 125 ppm (450 mg/m3)
IDLH (Immediate danger)	500 ppm
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Y  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Isoamyl alcohol (also known as isopentyl alcohol) is a clear, colorless alcohol with the formula (CH₃)₂CHCH₂CH₂OH. It is one of several isomers of amyl alcohol. It is a main ingredient in the production of banana oil, an ester found in nature and also produced as a flavouring in industry. It is also the main ingredient of Kovac's reagent, used for the bacterial diagnostic indole test.

It is also used as an antifoaming agent in the Chloroform:Isomyl Alcohol reagent.

Isoamyl alcohol is used in a phenol–chloroform extraction mixed with the chloroform to further inhibit RNase activity and prevent solubility of RNAs with long tracts of poly-adenine.

It is one of the components of the aroma of Tuber melanosporum, the black truffle. It has been identified as a chemical in the pheromone used by hornets to attract other members of the hive to attack.