Iskander Mirza
|
CIE, OBE Iskander Ali Mirza اسکندر مرزا |
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|---|---|
 |
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| 1st President of Pakistan | |
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In office 23 March 1956 – 27 October 1958 |
|
| Prime Minister |
Chaudhry Muhammad Ali Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar Feroz Khan Noon |
| Preceded by |
Elizabeth II as Queen of Pakistan |
| Succeeded by | Ayub Khan |
| 4th Governor General of Pakistan | |
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In office 7 August 1955 – 23 March 1956 Acting: 7 August 1955 – 6 October 1955 |
|
| Monarch | Elizabeth II |
| Prime Minister | Chaudhry Muhammad Ali |
| Preceded by | Malik Ghulam Muhammad |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished |
| Minister of the Interior | |
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In office 24 October 1954 – 7 August 1955 |
|
| Prime Minister | Muhammad Ali Bogra |
| Preceded by | Mushtaq Ahmed Gurmani |
| Succeeded by | Fazlul Huq |
| Governor of East Bengal | |
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In office 31 March 1950 – 31 March 1953 |
|
| Chief Minister | Nurul Amin |
| Preceded by | Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman |
| Succeeded by | Muhammad Shahabuddin (Acting) |
| Secretary of Defence | |
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In office 23 October 1947 – 6 May 1954 |
|
| Prime Minister |
Liaquat Ali Khan Khawaja Nazimuddin Muhammad Ali Bogra |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Akhter Husain |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
13 November 1899 Murshidabad, Bengal Presidency, British India (now in West Bengal, India) |
| Died | 13 November 1969 (aged 70) London, England, United Kingdom |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse(s) | Rifaat Begum (1922-1967) (her death) Naheed Amirteymour(1954-1969) |
| Children | 6 |
| Alma mater |
Elphinstone College Royal Military Academy Sandhurst |
| Religion | Islam |
| Military service | |
| Years of service | 1920–1946 |
| Rank |
 Major General
|
| Commands | Army Corps of Military Police |
| Battles/wars |
Waziristan War Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 |
Iskander Ali Mirza, CIE, OBE (13 November 1899 – 13 November 1969), was the first President of Pakistan, serving from 1956 to 1958. Prior to that, Mirza was the last Governor-General of Pakistan from 1955 to 1956. A great grandson of Mir Jafar, Mirza was a British Indian army officer, having reached the higher rank of major-general in Pakistani Military.
After a brief stint in the British Indian Army, Mirza joined the Indian Political Service. He became the Joint Defence Secretary of India in 1946. After the establishment of Pakistan in 1947, Prime minister Liaquat Ali Khan appointed Mirza as the first Defence Secretary, one of the most important government positions. He oversaw the Indo-Pakistan war of 1947, and the Balochistan conflict in 1948. Serious disorder and civil unrest sparked in East Pakistan as a result of the Bengali Language Movement in 1952, prompting Prime minister Khawaja Nazimuddin to appoint him as the Governor of the province. He oversaw the success of the One Unit programme in East Pakistan in 1954, and succeeded Malik Ghulam Muhammad as the governor general in 1955. After successfully promulgating the 1956 constitution, he became the first president. His presidency saw great political instability, challenges in foreign policy, and the ousting of four prime ministers in two years. He finally imposed martial law in 1958 after suspending the constitution and dissolving democratic institutions, including the Pakistan Parliament. Mirza has the distinction of being the first to bring in military influence in national politics after he appointed his army chief (Ayub) as chief martial law administrator of the country.
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Wikipedia