Iranian Arabs
| عربهای ايران | |
|---|---|
| Total population | |
| (~1.5 million) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Khuzestan, Ilam, Tehran, Hormozgan, Bushehr, Fars, Semnan, Kerman, Khorasan, Kermanshah, Qom | |
| Languages | |
| Arabic (Khuzestani Arabic), Persian | |
| Religion | |
| Twelver Shi'a Islam(Overwhelming Majority), Sunni Islam (Minority) | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Arabs, Iraqis, Bahranis, Mandaeans |
Iranian Arabs (Persian: عربهای ايران Arabhāye Irān) are the Arab peoples of Iran. Iranian Arabs form 2% of Iran's population.
The Arab presence in Iran did not begin with the Islamic conquest of Persia in 633 AD. For centuries, Iranian rulers had maintained contacts with Arabs outside their borders, dealt with Arab subjects and client states (such as those of Iraq and Yemen), and settled Arab tribesmen in various parts of the Iranian plateau. It follows that the "Arab" conquests and settlements were by no means the exclusive work of Arabs from the Hejaz and the tribesmen of inner Arabia. The Arab infiltration into Iran began before the Muslim conquests and continued as a result of the joint exertions of the civilized Arabs (ahl al-madar) as well as the desert Arabs (ahl al-wabar).
According to the Minorities at Risk Project 2001, about 40% of Arabs are unskilled workers living in urban areas. The Arabs in the rural areas are primarily farmers and fishermen. The Arabs living along the Persian Gulf coastal plains are mostly pastoral nomads. Tribal loyalties are strong among rural Arabs, but also have an influence in urban areas. These affect Arab socialisation and politicisation.
Payame Noor University, which has 229 campuses throughout the country, in 2008 declared that Arabic will be the "second language" of the university, and that all its services will be offered in Arabic, concurrent with Persian.
Shapur II the Great (309-379 A.D.) of the Sassanid Empire, after a punitive expedition across the Persian Gulf early in his reign, transplanted several clans of the Taghleb to Dārzīn (Daharzīn) near Bam, several clans of the Abd al-Qays and Tamīm to Haǰar (the Kūh-e Hazār region) southeast of Kermān, several clans of the Bakr ben Wāʾel to Kermān, and several clans of the Hanzala to Tavvaz, near present-day Dālakī in Fārs.
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