Ibn Zuhr
| Ibn Zuhr ابن زهر Avenzoar |
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|---|---|
| Born | 1094 Seville, Almoravid dynasty, now Province of Seville, Spain |
| Died | 1162 (aged 68) Seville, Almoravid dynasty, now Province of Seville, Spain |
| Residence | Al-Andalus |
| Academic background | |
| Influences |
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| Academic work | |
| Era | Medieval Islamic civilization |
| Notable works | Kitab al-Taisir fi al-Mudawat wa al-Tadbir |
| Influenced | Averroes, Maimonides, Pietro d'Abano, Guy de Chauliac |
Ibn Zuhr (Arabic: ابن زهر; 1094–1162), traditionally known by his Latinized name of Avenzoar, was a Muslim Arab physician and surgeon and poet. He was born at Seville in medieval Andalusia (present-day Spain), was a contemporary of Averroes and Ibn Tufail, and was the most well-regarded physician of his era. He was particularly known for his emphasis on a more rational, empiric basis of medicine. His major work, Al-Taysīr fil-Mudāwāt wal-Tadbīr ("Book of Simplification Concerning Therapeutics and Diet"), was translated into Latin and Hebrew and was influential to the progress of surgery. He also improved surgical and medical knowledge by keying out several diseases and their treatments.
Ibn Zuhr performed the first experimental tracheotomy on a goat. He is thought to have made the earliest description of bezoar stones as medicinal items.
His full name is Abū-Marwān ʻAbd al-Malik ibn Abī al-ʻAlāʼ Ibn Zuhr (أبو مروان عبد الملك بن أبي العلاء بن زهر). His name was Latinized as Avenzoar, Abumeron, Abhomeron, Alomehón or Abhomjeron.
He was born in Seville and belonged to the Banu Zuhr family (of Arab origin), which produced six consecutive generations of physicians, and included jurists, poets, viziers or courtiers, and midwives who served under rulers of Al-Andalus. He studied medicine with his father, Abu'l-Ala Zuhr (d.1131) at an early age.
He fell out of favour of with the Almoravid ruler, 'Ali bin Yusuf bin Tashufin, and fled from Seville. He was however, apprehended and jailed in Marrakesh in 1140. Later in 1147 when the Almohad dynasty conquered Seville, he returned and devoted himself to medical practice. He died in Seville in 1162.
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