Shah Hussain Hotak, (Pashto شاه حسين هوتک), son of Mirwais Hotak, was the fifth and last ruler of the Hotak dynasty. An ethnic Pashtun (Afghan) from the Ghilji tribe, he succeeded to the throne after the death of his brother Mahmud Hotak in 1725. He was also a Pashto language poet. While his cousin Ashraf ruled most of Persia from Isfahan, Hussain ruled what is now Afghanistan from Kandahar.

Ashraf Khan's death in 1729 marked the end of the very short lived Hotak rule in Persia (Iran), but what is now Afghanistan was still under Hussain' control until 1738 when Nader Shah conquered it. It was only a short pause before the establishment of the last Afghan Empire and the predecessor of modern Afghanistan in 1747.

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