Hohentwiel (Radar)
Fw 200C with triple radar antenna arrays for its FuG 200 installation
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| Country of origin |
German, Luftwaffe |
|---|---|
| Introduced | 1938 |
| Type | Airborne search |
| Frequency | 525–575 MHz/57.1-52.1 cm (low UHF-band) |
| PRF | 50 Hz |
| Pulsewidth | 2 μs |
| Range | • 10 km (6.2 mi) Submarines • 70 km (43 mi) Surface Ships • 150 km (93 mi) Land |
| Azimuth | left 30°, middle, right 30° |
| Power | 24V 30A, Synchronous inverter |
FuMO 61 Hohentwiel U
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| Country of origin |
German, Kriegsmarine
|
|---|---|
| Introduced | 1943 |
| Type | U-boat surface search |
| Frequency | 556 MHz/53.9 cm |
| Range | • 10 km (6.2 mi) Surface Ships * 25 km (16 mi) Aircraft |
The FuG 200 "Hohentwiel" was a low-UHF band frequency maritime patrol radar system of the Luftwaffe in World War II. It was developed by C. Lorenz AG of Berlin starting in 1938 under the Code name "Hohentwiel", an extinct volcano in the region of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The device had originally been entered into a design contest held by the Luftwaffe for the new FuMG 40L (ground based fire-control radar). When competitor Telefunken won that contract with its „Würzburg radar" in 1939, the device was shelved.
In 1941, Lorenz started to re-design it for another design contest by the Reichsluftfahrtministerium for an airborne naval search radar. As no special antenna had been specified, initially the simplest possible layout with three transversely-arranged antenna arrays was chosen - the central one for transmitting and two others for receiving, one each to port and starboard of the central transmitting array. Each antenna array possessed sixteen horizontally-oriented dipole elements, in eight sets of two elements each, with each set of four dipole groups vertically stacked comprising each array. For rough guidance, the radio operator had to manually switch the receiving arrays. Later, the device received a motor-driven antenna switch. The received signal strength was displayed on a cathode ray tube so the observer or pilot could roughly gauge the target's heading as 'left', 'right' or 'head on'. The maximum range was 150 km for convoys on the Atlantic. The device was first deployed on Junkers Ju 88, Focke-Wulf Fw 200 and other maritime patrol aircraft and twin-engined torpedo bomber designs, and is known to have been fitted to Heinkel He 111 medium bombers for training purposes, and experimented with on the Heinkel He 177A. In order to avoid capture after a crash, it was fitted with several small self-destruct explosive charges in each of the system's electronics cabinets, which could be triggered by the pilot.
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