History of Egypt Under Achaemenid Persian Domination

Late Period of ancient Egypt
c. 664 BC – c. 332 BC
The Egyptian Kingdom within the Neo-Assyrian Empire in 671 BC.
Capital		Sais, Mendes, Sebennytos
Languages		Ancient Egyptian
Religion		Ancient Egyptian religion
Government		Monarchy
History
•	Established	c. 664 BC
•	Disestablished	c. 332 BC
Preceded by Succeeded by Third Intermediate Period of Egypt Ptolemaic Egypt Argead Dynasty
Today part of		Egypt

The Late Period of ancient Egypt refers to the last flowering of native Egyptian rulers after the Third Intermediate Period from the 26th Saite Dynasty into Achaemenid Persian conquests and ended with the conquest by Alexander the Great and establishment of the Ptolemaic Kingdom. It ran from 664 BC until 332 BC.

Libyans and Persians alternated rule with native Egyptians, but traditional conventions continued in the arts.

It is often regarded as the last gasp of a once great culture, during which the power of Egypt steadily diminished.

The Twenty-Sixth Dynasty, also known as the Saite Dynasty after Sais, reigned from 672–525 BC, and consisted of six pharaohs. Canal construction from the Nile to the Red Sea began.

One major contribution from the Late Period of ancient Egypt was the Brooklyn Papyrus. This was a medical papyrus with a collection of medical and magical remedies for victims of snakebites based on snake type or symptoms.

Artwork during this time was representative of animal cults and animal mummies. This image shows the god Pataikos wearing a scarab beetle on his head, supporting two human-headed birds on his shoulders, holding a snake in each hand, and standing atop crocodiles.

The First Achaemenid Period (525–404 BC) period saw Egypt conquered by an expansive Achaemenid Empire under Cambyses. A total of eight pharaohs from this dynasty ruled over Egypt.

The initial period of Achaemenid Persian occupation when Egypt (Old Persian: ...
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