Henry Smith Munroe
| Henry Smith Munroe | |
|---|---|
| Born |
March 25, 1850 Brooklyn, New York, United States |
| Died | May 4, 1933 (aged 83) Litchfield, Connecticut, United States |
| Nationality |
|
| Occupation | Scientist, educator |
| Known for | Foreign advisor to Meiji Japan |
Henry Smith Munroe (March 25, 1850 – May 4, 1933) (born Henry Maynard Smith) was an American geologist who worked in Meiji period Japan as a foreign advisor to the Japanese government.
Munroe was born in Brooklyn, New York and obtained a Masters of Engineering at Columbia University in 1869. From 1870 to 1871 he worked as Assistant Geologist with the Ohio State Geological Survey. Between 1870 and 1872 he occupied the post of Assistant Chemist at the United States Department of Agriculture.
Hired by the Japanese government on a three-year contract from 1872 and 1875, Munroe was assigned to Yesso (now Hokkaidō), in northern Japan, as Assistant Geologist and Mining Engineer with the Geological Survey of Yesso for the Hokkaidō Colonization Agency. Munroe was one of a group of foreign engineers (including Horace Capron, Thomas Antisell, A.G. Warfield and Benjamin Lyman) who conducted a land and resources survey of Hokkaidō, with the particular aim of developing its mineral resources. Munroe was assigned to work with Lyman on a geological survey after Antisell had been dismissed from his post due to personal conflicts with Capron. His work laid the foundations for the future coal mining industry in Hokkaido.
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