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Henry I of Portugal

Henry, King of Portugal
Cardeal D. Henrique, cópia de original de c. 1590.jpg
King of Portugal and the Algarves
Reign 4 August 1578 – 31 January 1580
Acclamation 28 August 1578; Lisbon
Predecessor Sebastian
Successor Anthony (disputed) or Philip I
Born 31 January 1512
Lisbon, Portugal
Died 31 January 1580 (aged 68)
Almeirim, Portugal
Burial Jerónimos Monastery
Dynasty Aviz
Father Manuel I of Portugal
Mother Maria of Aragon
Religion Roman Catholicism

Cardinal Henry (Portuguese: Henrique Portuguese pronunciation: [ẽˈʁik(ɨ)]; 31 January 1512 – 31 January 1580) was King of Portugal and the Algarves and a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He ruled Portugal between 1578 and 1580 and was known as Henry the Chaste (Portuguese: Henrique o Casto) and the Cardinal-King

Born in Lisbon, Henry was the fifth son of King Manuel I of Portugal and Maria of Aragon.

As the younger brother of King John III of Portugal and a younger son in the royal family, Henry was not expected to succeed to the Portuguese throne. Early in his life, Henry took Holy Orders to promote Portuguese interests within the Catholic Church, then dominated by Spain. He rose fast through the Church hierarchy, becoming in quick succession Archbishop of Braga, Archbishop of Évora and Grand Inquisitor before receiving a Cardinal's hat in 1545, along with the Titulus Ss. Quattuor Coronatorum. From 1564 to 1570 he was Archbishop of Lisbon. Henry, more than anyone, endeavoured to bring the Jesuits to Portugal to employ them in the colonial empire.


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