Hemphill County, Texas
| Hemphill County, Texas | |
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Hemphill County Courthouse in Canadian
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 Location in the U.S. state of Texas |
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 Texas's location in the U.S. |
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| Founded | 1887 |
| Named for | John Hemphill |
| Seat | Canadian |
| Largest city | Canadian |
| Area | |
| • Total | 912 sq mi (2,362 km2) |
| • Land | 906 sq mi (2,347 km2) |
| • Water | 5.9 sq mi (15 km2), 0.6% |
| Population | |
| • (2010) | 3,807 |
| • Density | 4.2/sq mi (2/km²) |
| Congressional district | 13th |
| Time zone | Central: UTC-6/-5 |
| Website | www |
Hemphill County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 census, its population was 3,807. The county seat and only incorporated community in the county is Canadian. The county was created in 1876 and organized in 1887. It is named for John Hemphill, a judge and Confederate congressman. Hemphill County is one of 30prohibition, or entirely dry, counties in the state of Texas.
For the 200 years leading up to 1875, nomadic Indian tribes representing the Apache, Comanche, Kiowa, and others roamed the Panhandle following the huge buffalo herds. In search for an alternate route to California through Santa Fe, New Mexico, Josiah Gregg (1840), and Captain Randolph B. Marcy (1845) surveyed trails that crossed Hemphill County, following the south bank of the Canadian River.
The 1874–75 Red River War was an effort by the United States Army to force the Indians of the Southern Plains to move to Indian Territory in present-day Oklahoma. Two major battles took place in what would become Hemphill County: the Battle of Lyman’s Wagon Train and the Battle of Buffalo Wallow.
On April 12, 1879, Wheeler County became the first organized county in the Panhandle, with 14 other unorganized counties attached to it, one of which was Hemphill County. Hemphill County was organized in July 1887.
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