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Hegel

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Hegel portrait by Schlesinger 1831.jpg
Portrait by Jakob Schlesinger dated 1831, the
year of Hegel's death
Born August 27, 1770
Stuttgart, Duchy of Württemberg
Died November 14, 1831(1831-11-14) (aged 61)
Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia
Residence Germany
Nationality German
Education Gymnasium illustre zu Stuttgart
Alma mater Tübinger Stift
University of Tübingen
Era 19th-century philosophy
Region Western philosophy
School
Institutions University of Jena
(1801–06)
University of Heidelberg
(1816–18)
University of Berlin
(1818–31)
Main interests
Notable ideas
Signature
Hegel Unterschrift.svg

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (/ˈhɡəl/;German: [ˈɡeːɔɐ̯k ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈheːɡəl]; August 27, 1770 – November 14, 1831) was a German philosopher and an important figure of German idealism. He achieved wide renown in his day and, while primarily influential within the continental tradition of philosophy, has become increasingly influential in the analytic tradition as well. Although he remains a divisive figure, his canonical stature within Western philosophy is universally recognized.

Hegel's principal achievement is his development of a distinctive articulation of idealism sometimes termed "absolute idealism", in which the dualisms of, for instance, mind and nature and subject and object are overcome. His philosophy of spirit conceptually integrates psychology, the state, history, art, religion, and philosophy. His account of the master–slave dialectic has been highly influential, especially in 20th-century France. Of special importance is his concept of spirit (Geist: sometimes also translated as "mind") as the historical manifestation of the logical concept and the "sublation" (Aufhebung: integration without elimination or reduction) of seemingly contradictory or opposing factors; examples include the apparent opposition between nature and freedom and between immanence and transcendence. Hegel has been seen in the 20th century as the originator of the thesis, antithesis, synthesis triad; however, as an explicit phrase, this originated with Johann Gottlieb Fichte.


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